精品解析：2023年浙江省1月高考英语真题（解析版）

2023年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语选择题部分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the speakers do next?A. Visit a friend.B. Pick up Billy.C. Buy some beans.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Billy needs some beans for his science project at school. Maybe we can stop by a store on our way home.W: Let’s go to Greens. It’s just around the corner.M: Okay.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Who is Andy Clarks?A. A public librarian.B. A TV actor.C. A famous lawyer.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Hi, Stephen, guess who I saw at the city library? Andy Clarkes — the leading actor in The Good Lawyer — the famous TV series.M: What was he doing there? His popularity has slipped since the final season of the show.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers talking about?A. Gifts for Jason.B. A baseball game.C. The woman's retirement.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W: It seems as if everybody is talking about Jason’s retirement.M: Yes, his office is filled with gifts. I gave him a T-shirt with a baseball pattern on it.W: That’s nice. I’ll get him something this afternoon. Hope it’s not late.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What went on at Cooper's last night?A. A movie show.B. A birthday party.C. A sales promotion.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Did you go to Cooper’s last night?M: No, was there anything special?W: Yes, the employees dressed up as movie characters, and every customer received a discount card.M: That was interesting.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What problem do the speakers have?A. They are late for work.B. They get stuck in traffic.C. They have lost their way.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Oh, the road is jammed with traffic again. We are going to be late for work.M: Let’s make a U-turn at the next crossroads and try another way.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. Where are the speakers?A. At home.B. At the office.C. At the airport.7. How does Sara sound?A. Anxious.B. Surprised.C. Grateful.【答案】6. C 7. A【解析】【原文】W: Do you think Janet could make it?M: I’m sure she can. Have you tried calling her?W: Yes, of course. But I can’t get through. The flight has already been called twice. What are we going to do? Board without her? I should have reminded her at the office yesterday. She may have totally forgotten it.M: Take it easy, Sarah. Let me call her home number. Oh, there she is.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What made Miss Johnson choose teaching as a profession?A. Pressure from her family.B. Her passion for the work.C. A teacher's encouragement.9. What does Miss Johnson think is the best part of her job?A. Being with children.B. Winning others' respect.C. Learning different things.10. What does Miss Johnson want her students to become?A. Lifelong learners.B. Creative thinkers.C. Good communicators.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A【解析】【原文】M: Welcome to our program, Miss Johnson. Congratulations on winning the Teacher of the Year award.W: Thank you, Peter. I’m more than happy to be here.M: What inspired you to be a teacher, Miss Johnson?W: Well, I’ve always loved to learn, but I’ve enjoyed teaching others even more. It’s in the family.M: Could you tell us what the best part about your job is?W: Getting to know all of the different kids and communicating with them. I have always loved kids.So, I will always enjoy that part of my job.M: Then, what do you hope to achieve by being a teacher?W: My goal is to help my students develop awareness of their strengths, weaknesses, and learning needs, and to enable them to learn throughout their lives.M: That sounds great.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What does Becky like about living with her parents?A. They have a big house.B. They cook meals for her.C. They pay all her expenses.12. What does Ethan suggest Becky do regarding her mother?A. Have patience.B. Provide company.C. Express gratitude.13. Why is Ethan concerned about his parents living on their own?A. They may feel lonely.B. They may fail to get along.C. They may have an emergency.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C【解析】【原文】W: Ethan, have you thought about getting your own house?M: Yeah. But I’m convinced my parents love having me back. What about you?W: Um... Not sure yet. Right now, I enjoy getting my meals cooked for me every day.M: Do you pay a contribution to the house?W: Of course, I do. But it’s still much less than I would pay to live in my own flat. Right?M: Obviously.W: The only thing I don’t like is that my mom wants to know every part of my life. Becky, what are you doing tomorrow? Where? With whom? The same questions every day.M: Moms are like that. They ask because they care. You’ve got to be patient with them. My parents ask those questions too, but I may not move out soon. The thought of leaving them fills me with fear. What if one of them falls over? What if they both have a fall together?W: That would be terrible.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. Whose speech did the woman listen to this morning?A. John Miller's.B. David Thompson's.C. Allan Brown's.15. What is the workshop in the afternoon about?A. Knowledge economy.B. Risk assessment.C. Employee motivation.16 What does the woman say about her job?A. It can be challenging.B. It is truly interesting.C. It will be rewarding.17. What do the man and the woman both want to do?A. Apply for a new position.B. Offer their staff a salary raise.C. Improve their management skills.【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C【解析】【原文】W: It’s a pretty good conference, huh?M: Yeah. All speakers are well-known and knowledgeable in the subject matter. Did you listen toJohn Miller’s speech on how to avoid business risks this morning?W: No, I missed that one. I went to a speech at Alan Brown Hall. The speaker was David Thompson.M: Oh, that should be a good one, too. I attended his lecture last year. By the way, there will be a workshop this afternoon on how to motivate employees. Are you interested?W: Sure. I was promoted to the position of manager a few months ago. And I have to manage a staff of 12 people. It can be quite a difficult situation sometimes. That’s why I am here today.M: Same here. I only have seven people reporting to me. Yet, sometimes I feel like pulling my hair out. I need to find a way to create harmony within my department.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18. What does the speaker probably do?A. She's a medical doctor.B. She's a fitness instructor.C. She's a swimming coach.19. What is a common workout mistake?A. Focusing only on building muscles.B. Taking too many types of exercises.C. Doing the same routine all the time.20. How often does the speaker suggest people do hard workouts?A. Once a week.B. Twice a week.C. Three times a week.【答案】18. C 19. C 20. B【解析】【原文】W: Welcome to Star Fitness Club. I’m Tina Harrison. Before you start, I’d like to offer you some tips. We all know that regular exercise is important, but few of us know how to exercise properly. I’ve seen many people make the same workout mistakes in this place. One mistake people often make is sticking to the same routine. It is not good for building up your muscles. I’d like to suggest that you change your routine every other month. What’s more, you can try different kinds of workouts, such as jogging, biking, or swimming. This can help keep your whole body in shape. Another mistake most people make is to workout intensely almost every day. You need to give your body a break, and allow time for the muscles to grow. It is not the harder the better. Two hard workout days every week is enough. If you really hate to skip a day, you can plan easy exercises on other days. However, experts’ suggestion is that you take one day off completely each week.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExplorers CampFull day camp for kids aged 5-13. Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12Week 2 | July 15-19Week 3 | July 22-26Register for a single week or multiple weeks. Fees: $365 per week. The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. Camp StructureThe day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks. Camp ContentExplorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every! class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. Camp StaffCampers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.21. On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund?A. June 12.B. June 22.C. July 19.D. July 26.22. How are campers divided into different groups?A. By gender.B. By nationality.C. By interest.D. By age.23. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week?A. 15.B. 21.C. 30.D. 42.【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了探险家营地的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. (取消注册并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日)”可知，你可以在6月12日取消注册并全额退款。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Camp Structure部分中的“The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group.(白天按每个年龄组分为两个专题会议)”可知，露营者按年龄划分成不同的小组。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。BLive with roommates? Have friends and family around you? Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago, as I was living with my parents, and I continue to experience this with my husband, as he is not completely zero waste like me. I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back. I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson, sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars, and have so little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. I had my own bedroom, so I worked on removing things I didn’t need. Since I had my own toiletries (洗漱用品), I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable. I also offered to cook every so often, so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries. Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole household debate. If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won’t do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice: Lead by action.24. What do the underlined words “jump on that bandwagon” mean in the first paragraph?A. Share an apartment with you.B. Join you in what you’re doing.C. Transform your way of living.D. Help you to make the decision.25. What was the attitude of the author’s father toward buying groceries with jars?A. He disapproved of it.B. He was favorable to it.C. He was tolerant of it.D. He didn’t care about it.26. What can we infer about the author?A. She is quite good at cooking.B. She respects others’ privacy.C. She enjoys being a housewife.D. She is a determined person.27. What is the text mainly about?A. How to get on well with other family members.B. How to have one’s own personal space at home.C. How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household.D. How to control the budget when buying groceries.【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分前文“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动。由此推知，划线词组jump on that bandwagon与Join you in what you’re doing.(加入你正在做的事情)意思接近。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“A few days later, I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries, and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere. It came off as a bit discouraging.(几天后，我带着第一罐零废物杂货回来了，我父亲评论说，我到处带着罐子是多么愚蠢。结果有点令人沮丧)”可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂货。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach. (然而，随着减少浪费的几个月的持续，我尽了自己力所能及的努力)”及“Perhaps your household won’t entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.(也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变)”可推知，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if you’re looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。CA machine can now not only beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate. Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion. Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There’s never a stage at which the system knows what it’s talking about.”What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant. Humans, in thinking, talking, reading and writing, also work with symbols. But for humans, meaning is everything. When we communicate, we communicate meaning. What matters is not just the outside of a string of symbols, but the inside too, not just how they are arranged but what they mean. Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations. It is this that distinguishes humans from machines. And that’s why, however astonishing Project Debater may seem, the tradition that began with Socrates and Confucius will not end with artificial intelligence.28. Why does the author mention Noa Ovadia in the first paragraph?A. To explain the use of a software program.B. To show the cleverness of Project Debater.C. To introduce the designer of Project Debater.D. To emphasize the fairness of the competition.29. What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Arguments.B. Doubts.C. Errors.D. Differences.30. What is Project Debater unable to do according to Hammond?A. Create rules.B. Comprehend meaning.C. Talk fluently.D. Identify difficult words.31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Social interaction is key to understanding symbols.B. The human brain has potential yet to be developed.C. Ancient philosophers set good examples for debaters.D. Artificial intelligence ensures humans a bright future.【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是在辩论中战胜人类的名为Project Debater的软件程序。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel’s former national debating champion.(上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为Project Debater的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，其中包括以色列前全国辩论冠军Noa Ovadia。)”可知，作者在第一段提到Noa Ovadia的目的是展示Project Debater的聪明。故选B。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses. It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(尽管Project Debater很聪明，但它也有一些弱点。它从文档库和预先构建的参数中提取句子，并将它们串在一起。这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被解决)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“这样的错误会被纠正，被解决”，划线词wrinkles的意思是“错误”，和errors意思相近，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“What Hammond is referring to is the question of meaning, and meaning is central to what distinguishes the least intelligent of humans from the most intelligent of machines. A computer works with symbols. Its program specifies a set of rules to transform one string of symbols into another. But it does not specify what those symbols mean. Indeed, to a computer, meaning is irrelevant.(Hammond所指的是意义的问题，而意义是区分最不聪明的人类和最聪明的机器的关键。计算机使用符号。它的程序指定了一组将一串符号转换为另一串符号的规则。但它并没有具体说明这些符号的含义。事实上，对于计算机来说，意义是无关紧要的。)”可知，根据Hammond的说法，Project Debater不能理解意义，故选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Meaning emerges through a process of social interaction, not of computation, interaction that shapes the content of the symbols in our heads. The rules that assign meaning lie not just inside our heads, but also outside, in society, in social memory, social conventions and social relations.(意义的产生是通过社会互动的过程，而不是计算的过程，这种互动塑造了我们头脑中符号的内容。赋予意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。)”可知，从最后一段我们能了解到社会互动是理解符号的关键。故选A。DAccording to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick.32. What do solar developers often ignore?A. The decline in the demand for solar energy.B. The negative impact of installing solar panels.C. The rising labor cost of building solar farms.D. The most recent advances in solar technology.33. What does InSPIRE aim to do?A. Improve the productivity of local farms.B. Invent new methods for controlling weeds.C. Make solar projects environmentally friendly.D. Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas.34. What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4?A. To conserve pollinators.B. To restrict solar development.C. To diversify the economy.D. To ensure the supply of energy.35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Pollinators: To Leave or to StayB. Solar Energy: Hope for the FutureC. InSPIRE: A Leader in AgricultureD. Solar Farms: A New Development【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.(通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选A项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有利项为多余选项。With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____36____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. ____37____ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. ____38____ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. ____39____ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. Have fun. ____40____ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.【答案】36. D 37. G 38. C 39. E 40. A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述一些关于如何使坐火车旅行尽可能愉快的建议。【36题详解】根据上文“Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.(提前计划。大多数长途火车，尤其是卧铺，很快就卖光了。)”以及下文“But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. (但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少提前90天预订。)”可知，大多数长途火车的卧铺很容易被定完，所以要提前安排预定，D项“在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。”符合语境，D项中“busy summer months”与前后文呼应，说明忙碌的夏季尤其需要提前计划。故选D项。【37题详解】根据上文“A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. (一个好的旅行社有时可以帮你找到打折的票。)”以及下文“Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. (这样你就不必为了吃饭而每天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢了。)”可知，好的旅行社帮你预定，不仅可以找到打折的票，还可以节省从卧铺到餐车的距离，G项中“book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner”与前后文对应，因此推断G项“他可能还会给你预订餐厅旁边的卧铺车厢。”符合语境。故选G项。【38题详解】根据上文“When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one.(当你乘坐火车时，你不会免费获得一条毯子，即使你的旅行是过夜的。)”以及下文“In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. (特别是在夏天，空调会让他们很冷。)”可知，这里提到了车厢内温度的问题，提醒乘客最好自备毛毯，C项中“The temperature on rail cars”与前后文对应，因此推断C项“列车上的温度通常很难控制。”符合语境。故选C项。【39题详解】根据上文“Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster.(大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。)”以及下文“Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. (注意:时刻表上列出的时间是出发时间，不是到达时间。)”可知，本段提醒要提前安排时间，错过时间是很麻烦的事情，E项中“You might have to wait longer”与前后文对应，说明错过火车导致的结果，因此推断E项“你可能要等上超过24小时才能赶上下一班。”符合语境。故选E项。【40题详解】根据上文“Have fun.(玩得开心)”以及下文“To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts).”(要计算你的速度，用3600(一小时的秒数)除以你走一英里(两个里程碑之间的距离)所花费的秒数。)”可知，本段讲述如何度过乘车时间，A项中讲到火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人与后文要计算时间，用不同的方式打发时间对应，符合语境。故选A项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____41____ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____42____. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____43____ . I ____44____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He ____45____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____46____ the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began ____47____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____48____ higher up the tree trunk. ____49____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _____50_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____51_____ the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too _____52_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____53_____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____54_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____55_____ to go back up.41. A. shareB. collectC. celebrateD. witness42. A. courtyardsB. fieldsC. treetopsD. caves43 A. urgentB. dangerousC. expensiveD. pointless44. A. searchedB. recognisedC. followedD. invited45. A. gatheredB. cleanedC. droppedD. checked46. A. shookB. litC. measuredD. decorated47. A. jumpingB. talkingC. testingD. climbing48. A. hivesB. leavesC. ropeD. honey49. A. FinallyB. SurprisinglyC. NaturallyD. Immediately50 A. backedB. divedC. shoutedD. inched51. A. cut offB. gone upC. slid downD. held onto52. A. highB. earlyC. fastD. close53. A. hatchingB. trainingC. sowingD. trading54. A. curiousB. hungryC. boredD. angry55. A. momentB. equipmentC. personD. order【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. B 53. A 54. D 55. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____1____ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。【49题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. person个人；D. order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。非选择题部分注意：将答案写在答题纸上，写在本试卷上无效。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ____56____ arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, ____57____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ____58____ (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes ____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____60____ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____61____ (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and ____62____ (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history ____63____ capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic ____64____ (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect _____65_____ culture of grassroots Beijingers.【答案】56. and 57. originally 58. surrounded 59. were permitted 60. featured 61. spacious 62 simpler 63. as 64. events 65. the【解析】【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。【56题详解】考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。【57题详解】考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。【58题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。【59题详解】考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。【60题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。【61题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。【62题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。【63题详解】考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。【64题详解】考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。【65题详解】考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66. 上周末你参加了校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。请为校英文报写篇报道，内容包括：1. 活动的过程；2. 收获与感想。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Getting to Know the Plants Around Us________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Getting to Know the Plants Around Us Last weekend, I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union. The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist, who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species. We then went on a natural walk to observe and collect samples of different plants. Throughout the event, I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals. I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem. Overall, it was a valuable and enriching experience. 【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为校英文报写篇报道，介绍上周末校学生会组织的“认识我们身边的植物”活动。【详解】1. 词汇积累参与：participate in attend开始：begin start观察，调查：observe survey震惊：strike astonish/surprise2. 句式拓展简单句变复合句原句： Last weekend, I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union.拓展句： Last weekend, I participated in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” activity organised by our Students’ Union, which benefited me a lot.【点睛】【高分句型1】The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist, who taught us about the different characteristics and uses of various plant species.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Throughout the event, I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.（运用了一般过去时的被动语态和定语从句）第二节(满分25分)67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.”注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now. Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive? I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被邀请去一个农场野餐，发现一个房子里有只蜂鸟被蜘蛛网困住了，作者把蜂鸟救了，把蜂鸟带出去的时候它迟迟不肯走，当作者走到一条布满黑莓的小路时，它开始动了，但是却不肯飞走，徘徊着，后来终于飞走了，当作者准备离开时，蜂鸟又飞到作者面前，好像是在和作者告别。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，我又去了农场。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到农场时所看到的和所想到的。由第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。”可知，第二段可描写蜂鸟是如何对作者的以及作者的感想。2.续写线索：想起救蜂鸟的时候——回到那个房子——想到那只蜂鸟——看见蜂鸟——蜂鸟的表现——作者的感想3.词汇激活行为类思绪回到……：thoughts drift back to/thoughts return to匆匆回到：rush back to/hurry back to盯着：eyes locked on/eyes staring at情绪类宽慰：feel a surge of relief/feel relieved感激：grateful/thankful【点睛】[高分句型1] As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. (由as引导的时间状语从句和when引导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型2] It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. (由that引导的主语从句)