黄金卷08-【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考七省专用）（解析版）

【赢在高考黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（新高考七省专用）黄金卷08（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．（2023河北沧州高三校联考阶段练习）Which is included in the rent?A．Electricity.B．The Internet.C．Parking.【答案】A【原文】W: Sir, does the rent cover all the expenses, including the use of electricity and heating?M: Yes, but you have to pay extra for parking.2．（2023上全国高三校联考阶段练习）Where does the conversation most probably take place?A．At home.B．At a hospital.C．At a drugstore.【答案】C【原文】M: Excuse me, I’m looking for something for a stomachache.W: I see, sir. How long have you had this problem?M: For a few days.W: You could try this medicine. It may help. But I think you should see a doctor.3．（2023全国高三校联考阶段练习）What is the man most satisfied with about the new job?A．The location.B．The pay.C．The vacation time.【答案】B【原文】M: I’m so glad I left my old job. It was closer to my home than my new job, but the pay was so low.W: So you’re happy with the new job.M: I am. The only thing I don’t like is the vacation time. I get only three weeks a year.4．（2023河北石家庄高三正定中学校联考期中）What is the man?A．A headmaster.B．A doctor.C．A student.【答案】B【原文】W: Why didn’t you go to Jimmy’s graduation party?M: Well, I could have gone. But I received a call on the way and a patient needed an immediate operation.5（2023江苏南通高三海安高级中学校考阶段练习）How does the woman sound?A．Pleased.B．Touched.C．Anxious.【答案】C【原文】W:What a memory I have! I wrote down the number on a sheet of paper when I answered the phone this morning. But now,the paper has disappeared.M: Don’t worry. I will be seeing Mr. Brown in an hour.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。（2023江苏南通高三海安高级中学校考阶段练习）听下面一段较长对话，回答6~7小题。6．What is the woman’s plan for tonight?A．Learning to bake.B．Reviewing for a test.C．Attending a party.7．What dessert does the woman like best?A．Tea ice cream.B．Banana cupcakes.C．Strawberry pancakes.【答案】6．B 7．A【原文】W: Why, Frank? Actually I’m planning to go to the City Library to do some study for my coming history exam.M: Oh, what a pity! Then you’re going to miss our Dessert Night.W: What night? M: The Dessert Night. Our baker has invented some new stuff, and we’d like to invite some customers to have a try.W: Like for free?M: Yeah, it’ll be on the house. You know, banana cupcakes, strawberry pancakes...Oh, they’ll also have your favorite.W: Tea ice cream? No way. I’ll come.M: But what about your plan?W: Well, I can always set another time for it.（2023江苏苏州高三统考阶段练习）听下面一段较长对话，回答8~9小题。8．Which of the following is Linda’s job?A．Wrapping fruit.B．Cleaning houses.C．Pulling weeds.9．How does the woman find her part-time job?A．Boring.B．MeaningfulC．Enviable.【答案】8．A 9．B【原文】M: Oh, Linda. What are you up to these days? It seems ages since we met in our university canteen.W: Well, I work part time at a supermarket.M: What do you do there? W: I usually work in the produce section in the early morning, wrapping fresh fruit and vegetables. Sometimes it really gets busy. Have you got a job, Phil? M: Yeah, I do garden work on weekends. Watering, cleaning leaves, pulling weeds, and things like that. W: It must be nice to work outdoors. M: Sometimes it is, except when it rains or snows.W: Every job has its shortcomings. There are times when I get pretty tired. But a job is a job, and on the whole it ensures a great sense of achievement. And I hope to cover my college fees as much as possible.M: Me too. Well, I’d better get going. My friend is waiting there.（2023福建三明高三校联考期中）听下面一段较长对话，回答10~12小题。10．What is the conversation mainly talking about?A．Taking notes.B．Choosing courses.C．Buying second-hand books.11．How much will the woman pay in total?A．$14.B．$31.C．$40.12．Why does the woman buy Introduction to Gourmet Cooking?A．She buys it for her friend.B．She likes cooking very much.C．Her father is learning cooking recently.【答案】10．C 11．B 12．A【原文】M: Hey, Elaine. Are you interested in buying some used books? You can really save some money in this way.W: What do you have?M: I have a science book called Today’s World, and I’m selling it for 25 dollars.W: What? That’s a little expensive for a beat-up book like this.M: Maybe, but I bought it for 40 dollars. Plus, I wrote a lot of notes in the book that would help you with the class.W: What else are you selling?M: I also have an English writing textbook for 14 dollars, a math book for 23 dollars, and a novel for only 7 dollars.W: Hmm… I’ll take the English book and the novel. I think I’ll hold off on buying other books for now. You know, teachers are always changing their minds about textbooks. Wait! What’s that?M: Which one? Introduction to Gourmet Cooking? It costs 10 dollars, but I remember you hate cooking.W: One of my friends is into cooking, and she is taking the class. I want to get it for her.（2023湖南高三长郡中学校考阶段练习）听下面一段较长对话，回答13~16小题。13．What skills does the woman want to develop?A．Writing skills.B．Marketing skills.C．Drawing skills.14．What is the man’s attitude to getting information online?A．Favourable.B．Casual.C．Unfavourable.15．Why are the woman’s colleagues mentioned in the end?A．The woman will turn to them.B．The man knows them well.C．The woman doesn’t get along with them.16．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．School life.B．Friendship.C．Self-study.【答案】13．B 14．A 15．A 16．C【原文】W: My new job requires marketing skills. I have gained some when working for a publishing house. But I think I need to find someone to teach me.M: It is better to know how to learn than to know.W: What does that mean?M: It was said by Dr. Seuss, a famous cartoonist. It means teaching yourself. Mastering skills is quite simple now that people have access to all kinds of information on the Internet. But still few take full advantage of the Internet to study on their own.W: Indeed. But how can I do that?M: Well, the traditional way of learning is to apply the right solution to a certain problem. That’s to say, the solutions have already existed. So you don’t have to take time to find them. But learning on your own needs the potential to find solutions. The more, the better.W: I see. Actually, I found many of my colleagues are able to process and grasp new things easily. I’ll ask them how they study independently.M: Good idea.（2023湖南高三校联考阶段练习）听下面一段独白，回答17~20小题。17．Who can get better tables in the restaurants mentioned in the passage?A．Beautiful people.B．Ordinary people.C．Ugly people.18．Where are the non-good-looking customers usually seated?A．In good places.B．Near the window.C．In the corners.19．Why do the owners make such a policy?A．To make sure the restaurants have a good image.B．To make the restaurants popular.C．To attract the regular customers.20．When can the customers be seated?A．After they book by telephone.B．After they come to the restaurants.C．After they become regular customers.【答案】17．A 18．C 19．A 20．B【原文】M: Two trendy restaurants in Paris give beautiful people better tables than ordinary people. Staff who used to work there talked to a Paris newspaper about the restaurants. They said, “The good-looking customers are led to the good places where they can be easily seen; the non-good-looking ones must be seated in the corners of the room. ” The rule for celebrity diners is different-whether they are pretty or ugly, old or young, they get the good tables. The waiters and waitresses also have to look good. An ex-employee said, “Anyone short, without a model’s slim figure or over 30 need not apply.” The owners want to make sure the restaurants have a good image so they put attractive guests in easy-to-see places. One owner visits regularly to check on his “beauty policy”. If he sees a “non-attractive” person at a good table, he will tell the staff, “There are good-looking people, and you put them here; there are bad-looking people, and you put them there.” Furthermore, staff can’t give a table to customers who make telephone bookings, just in case they are not beautiful. Staff decide where to seat them after they come to the restaurant according to their faces.第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2023湖南高三湖南师大附中校考阶段练习）ACannes(戛纳)is a place that offers lots of different ways to spoil yourself. During the Cannes Film Festival in May, nothing changes, except that there are more people doing this, and that they talk about film. Here’s a guide to what you should do during the festival, both film-related and not.Hotel Intercontinental CarltonThe film festival is a busy time for Cannes. The best way to appreciate the crowds might be having a dinner on a terrace(露天平台). Head to the Hotel Intercontinental Carlton and wander the lobby to take it all in. If you’re lucky you might be able to secure a table in the restaurant. Dress to impress or you won’t stand a chance of getting in.Cinema de la PlageThroughout the Cannes Film Festival, one of the best places to soak up some of the wonderful atmosphere is the open-air Cinema de la Plage at Mace beach. If you haven’t secured a ticket in advance for a seat, there’s no need to worry. You can spread a blanket out on the ground, open up your pre-prepared picnic, and enjoy the movie.March ForvilleThe March Forville is a must-see for any visitor to Cannes and a foodie’s delight. On most days, vendors sell home-made fruits and vegetables as well as local specialties to eat for lunch. But don’t go on Mondays, unless you want to browse for bargains, as that’s when the flea market is on instead.La CroisetteLa Croisette is the most famous walk in Cannes and is listed under the cultural inventory of France itself. Stroll the whole length, stop for a coffee, and end your walk by sitting on one of the free blue chairs along the way while taking in the view. It is also a great place to admire Cannes’ sculptures.21．What is probably the intention of the text?A．To introduce French culture.B．To present dining locations.C．To publicize a film festival.D．To suggest tourism activities.22．Which place best suits people who enjoy shopping?A．Hotel Intercontinental Carlton.B．Cinema de la Plage.C．March Forville.D．La Croisette.23．What can be expected in Cannes during the festival?A．Attending fashion shows.B．Watching movies outdoors.C．Tasting imported farm produce.D．Experiencing sculpture production.【答案】21．D 22．C 23．B【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了在戛纳电影节期间探索戛纳这座城市的不同旅游活动。21．推理判断题。根据第一段“During the Cannes Film Festival in May, nothing changes, except that there are more people doing this, and that they talk about film. Here’s a guide to what you should do during the festival, both film-related and not. (在5月的戛纳电影节期间，除了有更多的人这样做，他们谈论电影之外，什么都没有改变。以下是电影节期间你应该做什么的指南，无论是与电影相关的还是与电影无关的)”和通篇内容可知，这篇文章是一个指南，向读者介绍在戛纳电影节期间如何探索戛纳这座城市的不同旅游活动。故选D。22．细节理解题。通过 March Forville段的“But don’t go on Mondays, unless you want to browse for bargains, as that’s when the flea market is on instead. (但是不要在星期一去，除非你想浏览便宜货，因为那是跳蚤市场开放的时候)”可知，March Forville这个地方在周一可以进行购物活动。故选C。23．细节理解题。通过Cinema de la Plage段的“You can spread a blanket out on the ground, open up your preprepared picnic, and enjoy the movie. (你可以在地上铺上毯子，打开预先准备好的野餐食物，欣赏电影)”可知，在戛纳电影节期间可以在户外观看电影。故选B。BComing into the freshman year at Paul College, Sansa was concerned about her ability as an individual to make an impact on such a large community, for it was never hard for her to stand out from peers in high school. Luckily, each first-year student in Paul College takes part in what is called the First-year Innovation and Research Experience, commonly referred to as the FIRE Program, an extracurricular project assigned by the institution. She was able to forge invaluable connections with her fellow students and their peer advisor who had so much first-hand experience with what they all were going through.The biggest highlight of her freshman year was working alongside her FIRE team on a Grand Challenge Project, in which every FIRE team competed against one another in the Undergraduate Research Conference. Each team had to create a unique product that tackled one of the five following real-world problems: “Water is Life”, “Food”, “Threats from Cyberspace”, “Medical Breakthroughs”, and “Addictive Society”. Her team addressed the growing issue of “Addictive Society”. Doing research, collecting facts and organizing discussions or even debates were a huge amount of work before they went to vie with other teams.After weeks of tireless preparation, their collective efforts bore fruit at the Undergraduate Research Conference. They earned a spot in the final round of the conference, where they competed against the top team from each of the other Grand Challenge groups. They were so overcome with pride when they were finally announced as the overall first-place team at the college!If it hadn’t been for her group’s determination, excellent teamwork and their awesome peer advisor Hayley, they would not have been able to accomplish everything they did. This experience would be instrumental in her future.24．What do we know about Sansa from paragraph 1?A．She performed quite well in high school.B．She was much more experienced than her college schoolmates.C．She applied for the FIRE Program.D．She had trouble with her freshman year.25．How did each team compete against one another?A．By providing facts.B．By creating products.C．By organizing debates.D．By challenging each other.26．What does the underlined phrase “vie with” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A．Contest against.B．Give way to.C．Break up with.D．Make up with.27．What is probably Sansa’s biggest gain from the FIRE Program?A．Financial benefits.B．Academic reputation.C．Good relationships.D．Competitive opponents.【答案】24．A 25．B 26．A 27．C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了刚进入保罗学院的Sansa担心自己是否有能力脱颖而出。在大一时和FIRE团队一起完成了一个项目，经过数周的不懈准备，他们的项目最终获得冠军，Sansa在此过程中最大的收获就是和团队之间的友谊。24．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Coming into the freshman year at Paul College, Sansa was concerned about her ability as an individual to make an impact on such a large community, for it was never hard for her to stand out from peers in high school. (刚进入保罗学院的一年级，Sansa就开始担心自己是否有能力在这么大的一个社区里产生影响，因为对她来说，从高中同学中脱颖而出并不难)”可以推出，Sansa在高中时期的表现是非常突出的。故选A。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each team had to create a unique product that tackled one of the five following real-world problems: “Water is Life”, “Food”, “Threats from Cyberspace”, “Medical Breakthroughs”, and “Addictive Society”. (每个团队必须创造一个独特的产品，解决以下五个现实世界问题中的一个:“水是生命”、“食物”、“网络空间威胁”、“医学突破”和“成瘾社会”)”可得知，每支参赛队伍都需呈现一个产品来解决某个实际问题。故选B。26．词义猜测题。根据第三段的第二句话“They earned a spot in the final round of the conference, where they competed against the top team from each of the other Grand Challenge groups. (他们在决赛获得了一席之地，在那里他们与其他各组的顶级球队竞争)”可以得知，Sansa所在的团队挺进了决赛，在决赛中他们需要和其他队伍进行比拼。由此猜测，划线部分“competed against”是“vie with”的同义复现，即“和……竞争”。A. Contest against. 和……竞争；B. Give way to. 向……让步；C. Break up with.和……结束关系；D. Make up with.和……和解。故选A。27．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“She was able to forge invaluable connections with her fellow students and their peer advisor who had so much first-hand experience with what they all were going through. (她能够与她的同学和他们的同行顾问建立宝贵的联系，他们对他们所经历的事情有很多第一手的经验)”和最后一段“If it hadn’t been for her group’s determination, excellent teamwork and their awesome peer advisor Hayley, they would not have been able to accomplish everything they did. (如果没有她的团队的决心、出色的团队合作和他们出色的同行顾问Hayley，他们不可能完成他们所做的一切)”可知，Sansa强调和团队之间的关系，所以她在 FIRE Program中最大的收获是良好的团队关系。故选C。C（2024广东肇庆统考一模）Healthy human skin is covered with bacteria (细菌) that are quick to settle in an open wound. To prevent these organisms from spreading through the body, which can permanently injure or kill a person, the infected wound may need to be cleaned and treated with antibiotics. Medical professionals typically identify infections by unwrapping and observing a wound or by swabbing (用拭子擦拭) it and conducting a laboratory test. But removing a wound dressing can slow down the healing process. Plus, observations are subjective, while swab tests take time and require that a patient be physically present.To address these issues, some research teams are developing devices that sit under bandages and continuously monitor indirect signs of infection, such as changes in wound temperature or acidity. And scientists at the National University of Singapore have now created an even more direct infection sensor. This sensor can detect an enzyme (酶) called DNase. The enzyme acts as a reliable infection indicator because disease-causing bacteria produce it in large amounts inside wounds, whereas bacteria on healthy skin do not—so testing for the substance reduces the chance of a false positive result. Furthermore, DNase builds up before other infection signs appear. The new alert system, nicknamed the“wireless infection detection on wounds” (WINDOW) sensor, was detailed in Science Advances. WINDOWs enzyme-sensing parts rely on a material called DNAgel. There searchers developed a particular kind of DNAgel that remains stable in watery environments, such as the human body, but begins to break down in the presence of DNase. They connected this gel (凝胶) to a chip that senses when the gel responds by sending a signal to a smartphone. Thus far, the team has exposed the DNAgel to wound swabs from 18 people’s wounds to see how much the material degraded in the presence of the bacteria. There searchers also used the device on six living lab mice whose wounds were exposed to the same bacterial species, and it successfully detected infections. 28．What is the first paragraph mainly about?A．The harm of common wounds. B．The treatment of infected wounds. C．The intervention on wound healing. D．The dilemma of infection observation. 29．How does the WINDOW sensor detect infections?A．By comparing wound acidity. B．By detecting the DNase enzyme. C．By measuring the bacteria amount. D．By observing changes in wound color. 30．What can we expect of the WINDOW sensor in the future?A．It will cut down the length of infection-treating. B．It could reduce the cost of infection observation. C．It can monitor wounds continuously and remotely. D．It might help conduct laboratory tests on wounds. 31．What can be the best title for the text?A．Innovations in Wound Infection DetectionB．Removing the Dangers of Open WoundsC．Recognizing the Role of DNase in HealingD．Challenges in Wound Care and Treatment【答案】28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能够检测识别伤口感染的新设备。28．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Medical professionals typically identify infections by unwrapping and observing a wound or by swabbing (用拭子擦拭)it and conducting a laboratory test. But removing a wound dressing can slow down the healing process. Plus, observations are subjective, while swab tests take time and require that a patient be physically present.”（医疗专业人员通常通过打开和观察伤口或通过擦拭伤口并进行实验室测试来识别感染。但是去除伤口敷料会减缓愈合过程；此外，观察是主观的，而棉签测试需要时间，并且需要患者亲自到场。）可知，第一段主要表达了医疗人员所用的观察识别感染的方法，在实施过程中还是有一定困难和弊端的，可见是处于困境中。故选D。29．推理判断题。根据第三段“The enzyme acts as a reliable infection indicator because disease-causing bacteria produce it in large amounts inside wounds, whereas bacteria on healthy skin do not—so testing for the substance reduces the chance of a false positive result.”（这种酶是一种可靠的感染指标，因为伤口内的致病细菌会大量产生这种酶，而健康皮肤上的细菌则不会，因此检测这种物质可以减少假阳性结果的可能性。）和“The new alert system, nicknamed the“wireless infection detection on wounds” (WINDOW) sensor, was detailed in Science Advances.”（这种新的警报系统被称为“伤口无线感染检测”(WINDOW)传感器，详细内容发表在《科学进展》杂志上。）可知，WINDOW是通过检测DNase酶来检测感染的。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据第四段“They connected this gel(凝胶)to a chip that senses when the gel responds by sending a signal to a smartphone.”（他们将这种凝胶连接到一个芯片上，该芯片通过向智能手机发送信号来感知凝胶的反应。）可知，在未来，WINDOW感应器可以通过智能手机来持续地进行远程监控伤口情况。故选C。31．主旨大意题。根据第二段“To address these issues, some research teams are developing devices that sit under bandages and continuously monitor indirect signs of infection, ”（为了解决这些问题，一些研究团队正在开发一种设备，这种设备可以放在绷带下，持续监测感染的间接迹象）和“And scientists at the National University of Singapore have now created an even more direct infection sensor.”（新加坡国立大学的科学家们现在发明了一种更直接的感染传感器。）以及下文对这种设备的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了一种检测伤口感染的新的设备，是伤口感染检测的创新。所以用A项“Innovations in Wound Infection Detection”作为本文的标题与文章主题相符合。故选A。D（2023广东深圳高三红岭中学校考阶段练习）If you only have a few close friends, you may feel like an outcast in society. However, studies show that loners typically have greater intelligence than popular folks. So, if you prefer being alone most of the time, don’t beat yourself up about it.Evolutionary psychologists Satoshi Kanazawa and Norman Li conducted a national survey involving 15,000 respondents aged from 18 to 28. The research revealed that people who lived in densely populated urban areas reported lower life satisfaction in general and that the more people socialized with close friends, the higher their self-reported happiness was. Of course, the only exception occurred when it came to intelligent individuals.“The effect of population density on life satisfaction was therefore more than twice as large for low-IQ individuals than for high-IQ individuals,” they found. More intelligent individuals were actually less satisfied with life if they socialized with their friends more frequently. In other words, when intelligent people hang out more with their friends, they feel less happy.What makes highly intelligent people so different from the average person? They prefer to spend their time alone usually because they have a larger goal in mind. They see socializing as a distraction when they could use their time more wisely. Also, they don’t appear to be as sensitive to population density as those with lower IQs. Therefore, they can navigate the challenges of modern living more efficiently and perhaps find novel solutions to most significant problems.According to Kanazawa and Li’s savanna theory of happiness (稀树草原幸福理论), in the past, we would have lived in tribes instead of densely populated cities, helping to avoid loneliness. “Our ancestors lived as hunter-gatherers in small bands of about 150 individuals,” they explain. “In such settings, having frequent contact with friends was necessary for their survival.” While we no longer live in small tribes now, most of us still require close friends and family to survive. That may explain the epidemic of loneliness affecting millions of people worldwide.However, highly intelligent people are the exception to this theory. They don’t mind spending most of their time alone. So, if you don’t have many friends, you may have learned to overcome your primitive instincts. Perhaps you represent this small group of humans who can thrive in the modern era.32．What do Kanazawa and Li find out?A．People today like living in densely populated urban areas.B．People today have lower life satisfaction than before.C．Socializing can enhance one’s happiness generally.D．Happiness mainly lies in the joy of achievement.33．What is intelligent people’s difference from the average person?A．They are extremely sensitive to the environment.B．They dislike spending much time socializing.C．They can’t handle life challenges effectively.D．They enjoy the company of other people.34．What conclusion can be drawn from the savanna theory of happiness?A．Loneliness poses a great health threat to us.B．People now are smarter than our ancestors.C．Densely populated urban areas are harmful to us.D．We still need to make contact with others to survive.35．What is the question the author tries to answer in the text?A．Why do smart people keep just a few close friends?B．Why do most people tend to live in urban areas?C．How do the brains of intelligent people work?D．What is the key to happiness?【答案】32．C 33．B 34．D 35．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为什么高智商的人只有很少朋友——独处能让他们更明智地利用时间，甚至找到解决重大问题的新方法。32．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The research revealed that people who lived in densely populated urban areas reported lower life satisfaction in general and that the more people socialized with close friends, the higher their self-reported happiness was. Of course, the only exception occurred when it came to intelligent individuals.(研究显示，生活在人口稠密的城市地区的人总体上生活满意度较低，与亲密朋友交往越多，他们自我报告的幸福感越高。当然，唯一的例外发生在聪明的个体身上)”可知，Kanazawa和Li的调查发现社交活动通常能增进一个人的幸福感。故选C。33．细节理解题。根据第四段的“They prefer to spend their time alone usually because they have a larger goal in mind. They see socializing as a distraction when they could use their time more wisely.(他们喜欢独处，通常是因为他们心中有更大的目标。当他们可以更明智地利用时间时，他们把社交视为一种干扰)”可知，智商高的人与普通人的区别是他们不喜欢花太多时间社交。故选B。34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““Our ancestors lived as hunter-gatherers in small bands of about 150 individuals,” they explain. “In such settings, having frequent contact with friends was necessary for their survival.” While we no longer live in small tribes now, most of us still require close friends and family to survive. That may explain the epidemic of loneliness affecting millions of people worldwide.(他们解释说:“我们的祖先以狩猎采集者的身份生活在大约150人的小群体中。”“在这样的环境中，经常与朋友联系是他们生存的必要条件。”虽然我们现在不再生活在小部落里，但我们大多数人仍然需要亲密的朋友和家人来生存。这也许可以解释为什么孤独会影响全世界数百万人)”可知，根据savanna theory of happiness，我们现在仍然需要与他人接触才能生存。故选D。35．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you only have a few close friends, you may feel like an outcast in society. However, studies show that loners typically have greater intelligence than popular folks. So, if you prefer being alone most of the time, don’t beat yourself up about it.(如果你只有几个亲密的朋友，你可能会觉得自己被社会抛弃了。然而，研究表明，孤独的人通常比受欢迎的人更聪明。所以，如果你更喜欢一个人呆着，不要因此而自责)”和第四段的“What makes highly intelligent people so different from the average person? They prefer to spend their time alone usually because they have a larger goal in mind. They see socializing as a distraction when they could use their time more wisely. (是什么让高智商的人与普通人如此不同?他们喜欢独处，通常是因为他们心中有更大的目标。当他们可以更明智地利用时间时，他们把社交视为一种干扰)”并结合Satoshi Kanazawa和Norman Li的调查研究发现智商高的人更喜欢独处推知，文章主要解释了智商高的人只有很少亲密朋友的原因。故选A。第二节(共5小题:每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2023广东揭阳高三统考期末）Volunteering means to carry out a duty or a job without expecting repayment or reward. The concept is very popular in advanced or rich countries. But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort 36 .One is immediately seen as selfless and helpful when one volunteers to help out someone such as a friend，teacher or parent. 37 , when you help a teacher to clean the classroom or get involved in a cleanliness campaign at the school level or other community projects Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect.In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. In addition to helping these organizations carry out their duties, you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills. 38 . Even though they are not being aid, through volunteering time, effort and skills, one would learn more than what money can buy. 39 . For example, if you volunteer your time regularly at a charity organization, you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essence ideas related to the day-to-day operations of the organizations.Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate volunteer activities. 40 .A．You will feel you are proudB．Your standing would be liftedC．This is especially beneficial to studentsD．One should actively be involved in volunteeringE．However, one can gain many benefits from volunteeringF．They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skillsG．Volunteering also exposes one to many interesting ideas and issues【答案】36．E 37．B 38．C 39．G 40．F【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了做志愿者给学生带来的积极益处。36．根据前文“But in some countries, many people look at volunteering as a waste of time and effort (但在一些国家，许多人认为志愿服务是浪费时间和精力的事)”和第三段段首句“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. (此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。)”可知，首段尾句应承上启下，反驳有些人对志愿活动的错误观点，且引出下文阐明从事志愿活动的益处，E选项句“However, one can gain many benefits from volunteering (然而，一个人可以从志愿活动中收获良多)”符合文意，故选E项。37．根据后文“Teachers and adults would look at a young person who volunteers his or her time for certain activities as mature, responsible and deserving of respect. (老师和成年人会认为那些自愿花时间参加某些活动的年轻人是成熟的、负责任的、值得尊重的。)”推测可知，空格处应列举自愿为老师及其他社会机构劳动带来的益处，B选项句“Your standing would be lifted (你的地位将会得到提升)”符合文意，故选B项。38．根据前文“you not only gain experience but can learn a variety of skills. (你不仅能获得经验，还能学到各种技能)”可知，做志愿服务能使人成长，C选项句“This is especially beneficial to students (这对学生尤其有益)”承接上文语义，强调工作经验和技能提升对从事志愿服务的学生有更加重要的意义，符合文意，故选C项。39．根据前文“In addition, volunteering with an organization such as orphanages, community centers and other non-profit organizations allows you to interact with society at large. (此外，在孤儿院、社区中心和其他非营利性组织做志愿者，可以让你与整个社会进行互动。)”可知，该处也应表述志愿服务带来的益处；且根据后文“you would learn how the organization works and the importance of teamwork, and other essence ideas related to the day-to-day operations of the organizations. (你会学到组织是如何运转的，团队合作的重要性，以及其他与组织日常运作相关的本质思想)”可知，该段主要表述从事志愿服务会让你接触很多有趣的理念和问题，G选项句“Volunteering also exposes one to many interesting ideas and issues (志愿活动也使人接触到许多有趣的想法和问题)”符合文意，故选G项。40．根据前文“Thus, with so many benefits, students, in particular, should be allowed to participate volunteer activities. (因此，有这么多的好处，尤其是学生，应该被允许参加志愿者活动)”可知，该处建议学生群体尤其应当多参加志愿服务活动。F选项句“They can learn useful interpersonal and organizational skills (他们可以学习到有用的人际交往和组织方面的技能)”承接上文语义，阐明学生参加志愿活动的意义，符合文意，故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题:每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Do you sometimes ignore your mom while chatting with friends? If you’re a teen, that’s fairly 41 . And new research may explain why so many 42 tune out their mom’s voices.Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices. But as they grow up, everything 43 . Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices. Researchers scanned the brains of 7- to 16-year-olds as they listened to things said by their mothers or by unfamiliar women. The words were purely 44 : teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt and peebudieshawlt. As the kids listened, certain parts of their brains became 45 . This was especially true in brain regions that help us to 46 rewards and pay attention.This 47 usually happens between ages 13 and 14. The brain seems to 48 new needs that come with youth. As we 49 , our survival depends less and less on mom’s support. 50 , we rely more and more on our 51 -friends and others closer to our own age.However, these areas in the youthful brain don’t stop 52 mom. It’s just that unfamiliar voices become more 53 and worthy of attention. Mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of stress. Studies also showed that levels of stress hormones (荷尔蒙) 54 when stressed-out girls heard their moms’ voices on the phone.So while both teens and their parents sometimes feel frustrated by missed messages, that’s okay. “That’s the way the brain is 55 , and there’s a good reason for it.”41．A．strangeB．rareC．commonD．impossible42．A．schoolboysB．teenagersC．adultsD．girls43．A．changesB．mattersC．evolvesD．counts44．A．complicatedB．meaningfulC．nonsenseD．nonstop45．A．numbB．smallC．calmD．active46．A．recordB．designC．detectD．process47．A．actionB．shiftC．abilityD．function48．A．adapt toB．appeal toC．apply toD．attach to49．A．struggleB．advanceC．shrinkD．mature50．A．OnceB．OtherwiseC．InsteadD．Besides51．A．strangersB．competitorsC．partnersD．peers52．A．keeping outB．responding toC．working withD．turning down53．A．rewardingB．impressiveC．comfortableD．reasonable54．A．variedB．droppedC．toppedD．remained55．A．fixedB．suppliedC．balancedD．wired【答案】41．C 42．B 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．B 48．A 49．D 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了青少年常常忽略母亲的声音，而小时候则非常听话。文章解释了这一现象背后的原因：大脑为了适应不同成长阶段对外界的不同需求，因此在不同年龄阶段对不同人的声音反应程度有不同。41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你是青少年，这很常见。A. strange奇怪的；B. rare罕见的；C. common普通的；D. impossible不可能的。根据前文“Do you sometimes ignore your mom while chatting with friends? If you’re a teen”可知，你有时会在和朋友聊天的时候忽略你的妈妈吗?如果你是青少年，这是很常见的。故选C。42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：新的研究或许可以解释为什么这么多青少年不听妈妈的声音。A. schoolboys男学生；B. teenagers青少年；C. adults成年人；D. girls女孩。根据前文“If you’re a teen”可知，如果你是青少年，你有时会在和朋友聊天的时候忽略你的妈妈。故选B。43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着他们长大，一切都变了。A. changes改变；B. matters要紧；C. evolves进化；D. counts数。根据前文“But as they grow up”可知，小孩子的大脑对母亲的声音很敏感，但随着他们长大，一切都变了。故选A。44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些词纯粹是没有意义：teebudieshawlt, keebudieshawlt和peebudieshawlt。A. complicated复杂的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. nonsense无意义的；D. nonstop不间断的。根据后文“As the kids listened, certain parts of their brains became___5___ .”可知，当研究人员扫描了7到16岁的孩子在听母亲或陌生女性说话时的大脑时，全都是一些没有意义的词，但是当给更小的孩子们听时，他们大脑的某些部分变得活跃起来。故选C。45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们听时，他们大脑的某些部分变得活跃起来。A. numb麻木的；B. small小的；C. calm冷静的；D. active积极的。根据前文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices.”可知，小孩子的大脑对母亲的声音很敏感。当研究人员扫描了7到16岁的孩子在听母亲或陌生女性说话时的大脑时，全都是一些没有意义的词，但是当给更小的孩子们听时，他们大脑的某些部分变得活跃起来。故选D。46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在帮助我们发现奖励和集中注意力的大脑区域尤其如此。A. record记录；B. design设计；C. detect查明，察觉；D. process加工，处理。根据后文“pay attention”可知，在帮助我们发现奖励和集中注意力的大脑区域会更加活跃。故选C。47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种转变通常发生在13岁到14岁之间。A. action行动；B. shift转变；C. ability能力；D. function功能。根据前文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices. But as they grow up, everything___3___ .”可知，小孩子的大脑对母亲的声音很敏感。但随着他们长大，一切都变了。可知这种转变通常发生在13岁到14岁之间。故选B。48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：大脑似乎能适应年轻带来的新需求。A. adapt to适应；B. appeal to呼吁；C. apply to应用；D. attach to依附。根据下文“As we___9___ , our survival depends less and less on mom’s support.”可知，随着我们的成熟，我们的生存越来越不依赖于妈妈的支持，由此大脑似乎能适应年轻带来的新需求。故选A。49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们的成熟，我们的生存越来越不依赖于妈妈的支持。A. struggle挣扎；B. advance前进；C. shrink减少；D. mature成熟。根据后文“depends less and less on mom’s support”可知，随着我们的成熟，我们的生存越来越不依赖于妈妈的支持。故选D。50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们越来越依赖我们的同龄人、朋友和其他与我们年龄相近的人。A. Once曾经；B. Otherwise否则；C. Instead而不是；D. Besides此外。根据后文“we rely more and more on our___11___ -friends and others closer to our own age.”可知，随着年龄增长，我们越来越依赖的是同龄人、朋友和其他与我们年龄相近的人，由此与前文构成转折关系。故选C。51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. strangers陌生人；B. competitors竞争者；C. partners伙伴；D. peers同龄人。根据后文“friends and others closer to our own age”可知，随着年龄增长，我们越来越依赖的是同龄人、朋友和其他与我们年龄相近的人。故选D。52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，年轻大脑中的这些区域并没有停止对妈妈的反应。A. keeping out阻止；B. responding to回应；C. working with与……共事；D. turning down拒绝。根据前文“these areas in the youthful brain”可知，虽然随着年龄的增长，我们越来越依赖的是同龄人、朋友和其他与我们年龄相近的人，但是，年轻大脑中的这些区域并没有停止对妈妈的反应。故选B。53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只是不熟悉的声音变得更有价值，更值得关注。A. rewarding有意义的，有回报的；B. impressive印象深刻的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“worthy of attention”可知，不熟悉的声音变得更有价值，更值得关注。故选A。54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究还表明，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降。A. varied变化；B. dropped掉落；C. topped高于，超过；D. remained保留，留下。根据前文“Mothers’ voices still have special power, especially in times of stress.”可知，母亲的声音仍然具有特殊的力量，尤其是在压力大的时候，当压力过大的女孩在电话里听到妈妈的声音时，她们的应激激素水平会下降。故选B。55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是大脑的连接方式，这是有原因的。A. fixed固定的；B. supplied被提供的；C. balanced平衡的；D. wired连接的。根据前文“Young kids’ brains are very tuned in to their mothers’ voices. But as they grow up, everything___3___ . Teenagers’ brains are more tuned in to strangers’ voices.”可知，因为儿童时期需要依赖母亲的支持，因此儿童时期的大脑很听妈妈的话。到了青春期，由于有新的需求，于是大脑对不熟悉的声音更加关注。这就是大脑连接的方式。故选D。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。China witnessed its third aircraft carrier on June 17 in Shanghai, naming it 56 the eastern coastal province of Fujian.Upon its 57 (complete), the giant ship will displace (排水) more than 80,000 metric tons of water, 58 (make) it the largest and mightiest warship any Asian nation has ever built. It will use a new system 59 (launch) fixed-wing aircraft, which will give it a much greater combat (作战) capability 60 its two predecessors (前任), the Liaoning and the Shandong.The carrier, in the next phase, will go through a series of trials to 61 (comprehensive) test its overall capabilities and specific equipment. Its home port will be decided 62 (base) on a host of factors, including the nation’s security needs, the ship’s tasks and candidate ports’ support capacity.The PLA Navy currently operates two carriers CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong, both of 63 have a displacement (排水量) of around 50,000 tons and use a ski jump mode for launching fixed wing aircraft. Compared with the two predecessors, 64 Fujian is much bigger and heavier. In addition to the J-15 fighter jet, the new carrier 65 (expect) to have new advanced combat planes or drones.【答案】56．after 57．completion 58．making 59．to launch 60．than 61．comprehensively 62．based 63．which 64．the 65．is expected【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国第三艘航空母舰的情况，这艘巨轮的排水量将超过8万公吨，使其成为亚洲国家有史以来建造的最大、最强大的军舰。下一阶段，该航母将进行一系列试验，以全面测试其整体能力和特定设备。56．考查介词。句意：6月17日，中国在上海见证了第三艘航空母舰，以东部沿海省份福建的名字命名。固定短语name...after意为“以……给……命名”。故填after。57．考查名词。句意：建成后，这艘巨轮的排水量将超过8万公吨，使其成为亚洲国家有史以来建造的最大、最强大的军舰。此处作介词upon的宾语，应用名词completion，不可数。故填completion。58．考查非谓语动词。句意：建成后，这艘巨轮的排水量将超过8万公吨，使其成为亚洲国家有史以来建造的最大、最强大的军舰。分析句子结构可知，make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，应用现在分词作结果状语，表示理所当然的结果。故填making。59．考查非谓语动词。句意：它将使用一种新的系统发射固定翼飞机，这将使其拥有比前两种型号辽宁舰和山东舰更大的作战能力。分析句子结构可知，launch在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。也可看作固定搭配use...to do...“用……来做……”。故填to launch。60．考查介词。句意：它将使用一种新的系统发射固定翼飞机，这将使其拥有比前两种型号辽宁舰和山东舰更大的作战能力。根据上文greater可知，此处为比较级，意为“福建号的作战能力要比辽宁舰和山东舰强很多”，用介词than引出比较对象。故填than。61．考查副词。句意：下一阶段，该航母将进行一系列试验，以全面测试其整体能力和特定设备。此处修饰动词test，应用副词comprehensively，作状语。故填comprehensively。62．考查非谓语动词。句意：它的母港将根据国家的安保需要、任务、候选港口的支援能力等多种因素来决定。短语be based on表示“根据”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。故填based。63．考查定语从句。句意：中国人民解放军海军目前操作两艘航母，中国海军辽宁号和中国海军山东号，两艘排水量大约5万吨，使用滑跃模式用于发射固定翼飞机。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词CNS Liaoning and CNS Shandong，作介词的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。64．考查代词。句意：与前两代相比，福建号要大得多，也重得多。此处特指“福建号”航空母舰，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。65．考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：除了歼-15战斗机，新航母预计将配备新的先进战斗机或无人机。结合句意表示“预计……”可知，此处是固定短语be expected to，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为the new carrier，谓语用单数。故填is expected。第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)（2023山东德州高三统考期中）为庆祝学校英语戏剧社成立五周年(anniversary)，你校计划排演一部新戏剧，现面向全校征求创意。请你写一则征稿启示刊登在学校英语校报上，内容包括：1. 征稿目的；2. 征稿要求；3. 投稿方式。注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 题目已给出，不计入总词数。I need your idea for a new drama!________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The English Drama Club【答案】 I need your ideas for a new dramaIn celebration of the 5th anniversary of our school’s English Drama Club, we are now inviting all students to contribute your creative ideas for a new theater production.In your new drama, the play should be suitable for our school community and have a compelling storyline with interesting characters. Besides, themes are positive.Please submit your play ideas in a written format to the Drama Club mailbox by November 15th. Don’t miss this chance to show your passion for drama! We look forward to seeing your creative submissions.The English Drama Club【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的征稿。要求考生写一则征稿启示刊登在学校英语校报上，就学校计划排演一部新戏剧，面向全校征求创意。【详解】1.词汇积累为了庆祝：in celebration of in honor of此外：besides what’s more/in addition积极的：positive optimistic机会：chance opportunity2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Please submit your play ideas in a written format to the Drama Club mailbox by November 15th.拓展句：Please submit your play ideas which should be in a written format to the Drama Club mailbox by November 15th.【点睛】【高分句型1】In your new drama, the play should be suitable for our school community and have a compelling storyline with interesting characters.（运用了并列谓语动词）【高分句型2】Don’t miss this chance to show your passion for drama!（运用了不定式担当后置定语）第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。The first of June, the King family was going on holiday tomorrow. The girls no longer had to do housework for the family, so there would be three months’ free time for them, and all the girls cheered up, jumping up and down with excitement. “Vacation, finally!” shouted Meg, coming home to find Jo already lying on the sofa. They started to plan what they would do on the vacation. All the girls reached an agreement that they would not do anything for a while, but play all the time and rest if their mother didn’t mind. “May we all try what we want to do, Mother?” asked Meg. Mrs March agreed to the plan and said they could try the experiment for a week. “It will be wonderful, I’m sure,” said Meg. “Fun forever, and no work!” cried Jo.The next morning, Meg spent the morning with a friend and the afternoon reading in the apple tree. Jo pulled all her toys out of her closet but then left them to play some music. Amy put on her best dress and went outside to draw, hoping someone would notice the beautiful young artist. No one appeared, so she went for a walk, got caught in the rain, and came home dripping.In the evening, they all assured their mother the experiment was going well. She smiled, said nothing, and did her work, keeping their home pleasant and running smoothly.The week seemed to get longer and longer with nothing much to do, and it affected all three girls. Meg found time hanging heavily and read till her eyes hurt and she was sick of books. Jo sometimes suddenly shook her doll and shouted at it. Amy was quite bored, for she didn’t like dolls or reading, and she couldn’t draw all the time. By Friday the girls were glad that it was nearly over, but no one would admit that they were tired of the experiment.On Saturday morning, the girls got up to find no breakfast and no mother to be seen.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________At this time, Mrs March returned and the girls rushed to their mother with a sense of achievement.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】 Meg ran through the entire house only to find a note left by mother saying that she took a vacation today and telling the girls to look after themselves. Indeed, the girls were all pleased to have something useful to do. Soon, the girls were engaged in doing housework. Meg was responsible for cooking meals while Jo for sweeping the floor, and Amy was occupied with tidying the rooms. After a whole day of tiring work, the girls all felt a sense of achievement seeing their clean and tidy house. They couldn’t wait to share with their mother what they had done today and how wonderful the day was. “Do you want another week of the experiment?” asked Mrs March. All the girls replied determinedly in a chorus of“no”. It finally dawned on them that their little burdens seemed heavy but would grow lighter as they learned to carry them. Work keeps people from boredom and mischief, is good for health and spirits, and gives them a sense of power and independence. It is work that makes the world better.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了女孩们将会有一个很长的假期，他们感到非常高兴，计划做自己喜欢的事情。但是一天结束之后，他们就感到光是这样玩，而什么也不做，也很无聊的。所以不玩只学习很糟糕，但是只是玩而不学习也是很没意思的。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“星期六早上，女孩们起床时发现没有早餐，也没有看到妈妈。”可知，第一段可描写妈妈去度假，女孩们分工合作整理家务。由第二段首句内容“这时，马奇太太回来了，姑娘们带着一种成就感奔向母亲”可知，第二段可描写女孩们向妈妈讲述他们今天所做的事情以及他们的感悟。2.续写线索：妈妈外出度假——女孩们整理家务——忙碌又充实——妈妈回家——和妈妈分享——感悟3.词汇激活行为类照看，照顾：look after /take care of 某事突然被理解或认识到：something dawn on sb / something comes to light阻止：keep…from/stop…from…情绪类高兴的，满意的：pleased/satisfied/content决然地；断然地：determinedly / decisively【点睛】[高分句型1]. They couldn’t wait to share with their mother what they had done today（由连接词what引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2]. It is work that makes the world better.（运用了“it is +被强调部分+其他”的强调句）公众号：高中试卷君