河南省许昌市禹州市高级中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题

禹州高中菁华校区第二次阶段性考试英语试卷第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Best US National Parks You’ve Never Heard ofDry Tortugas National ParkLocated 70 miles west of Key West, this group of seven islands is a great destination to enjoy some of Florida’s nature. The islands are composed of coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and sand, and they are famous for the birds and sea life. Tourists can also enjoy Fort Jefferson, which dates back to the 19th century.Theodore Roosevelt National ParkTheodore Roosevelt National Park is divided into two units, a northern unit and a southern unit. Between the two sections, this park gives tourists the opportunity to experience some of North Dakota’s unique scenery, including the Badlands, canyons (峡谷) and more. The hiking trails (小径) allow tourists to see some of this country’s natural wonders and amazing wildlife.Isle Royale National ParkIsle Royale is one of the special parks in the US. The island is only accessible by boat. Once there, you can enjoy the unique wilderness that has been protected in a special way. The island has a beautiful coast that can be explored by boat. You can also explore the island by hiking its many trails. Another unique feature of the island is the ships that have been destroyed at sea.Guadalupe Mountains National ParkGuadalupe Mountains National Park extends from the low desert to the high mountains. Tourists to this park can enjoy over 80 miles of trails throughout the park, which travel through canyons, woodlands, springs, mountainous wilderness and more. It is also home to the Salt Basin Dunes, which are an amazing windswept landscape.21. What can tourists do in Theodore Roosevelt National Park?A. Walk along the hiking trailsB. Admire coral reefs.C. Enjoy the Salt Basin Dunes.D. See Fort Jefferson.22. How can tourists reach Isle Royale National Park?A. By train.B. By car.C. By water.D. By air.23. Which of the following features the windswept landscape?A. Isle Royale National Park.B. Dry Tortugas National Park.C. Theodore Roosevelt National Park.D. Guadalupe Mountains National Park.BI enjoy throwing stuff away. I’d love to go full minimalism (极简主义), but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games — “Do We Need It?” and “Put It in Its Place” — and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like. My “discarded pile is never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.So, this time I found help — the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Magic Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo? I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brings you joy. This way you’re choosing what to keep. And that’s how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says I’m nuts. She’s probably not wrong.Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts, suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I haven’t worn it in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now, has its time come?I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. It’s literally falling apart. Will I ever wear it again? Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear? Does it bring me joy? Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. It’s cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia (怀念) is the very reason.I’m not entirely convinced by my daughter’s arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes it’s hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the “keep” pile.24. What can we learn about the author’s family members from Paragraph 1?A. They can’t tolerate what the author insists on.B. They are less passionate about full minimalism.C. They are strongly opposed to full minimalism.D. They completely support what the author does.25. What does the underlined word “discarded” probably mean in Paragraph 2?A. abandonedB. disposableC. organizedD. classified26. What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up?A. To learn how to categorize.B. To develop a passion for minimalism.C. To persuade his family members. D. To improve his tidying skills.27. What’s the text mainly about?A. The importance of categorizing skills.B. The changes brought by minimalismC. The author’s efforts to go minimalismD. An inspiration got from the bookCWhen rains fell in the Atacama Desert for the first time in centuries, scientists had expected to see life blossom (繁盛). Instead, almost everything died. The shocking discovery was published in the journal Scientific Reports. Found in northern Chile, the dry core of the Atacama Desert hadn’t experienced rain for the past 500 years. But three years ago, rain started to fall once again in the region.A changing climate in the Pacific Ocean resulted in the desert’s dry core experiencing rain on March 25 and August 9, 2015, and it rained again on June 7, 2017. There was no evidence of rain in this region for the past 500 years, although climate models suggested it should occur every century.The international team of scientists who studied the region were hoping for deserts springing to life. “Instead, we learned the contrary, as we found that rain in the dry core of the Atacama Desert caused a massive extinction of most native microbe (微生物) species there,” said study co-author Alberto Fairn.Before the rain fell, this region of the Atacama had been home to 16 different ancient microbe species. But after the rain fell, just two to four species were still found to be surviving in the resultant pool of water. The cause of the extinction event, believed to have been about 85 percent of life in the soil, was caused by the sudden influx of water. In particular, these microbes were adapted to survive in extreme dryness. They were unable to adapt quickly enough to the unexpected rainfall.But it’s not all bad news. . The team also found nitrates (硝酸盐) in the Atacama Desert that were indicative of a lengthy dry period, while also acting as food for the microbes. And we’ve recently found nitrates on Mars, which could be indicating a similar process there.28. How did the scientists find their discovery according to Alberto Fairn?A. Satisfying.B. Astonishing.C. Amusing.D. Comforting.29. What does the underlined word “influx” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Shortage.B. Need.C. Arrival.D. Test.30. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The resultant pool of water was a wildlife habitat.B. The team plans to turn the desert into a green land.C Scientists have observed lots of microbes on Mars.D. The finding brought some hope to relevant studies.31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. Unexpected Rainfalls Hit a Desert BadlyB. A Science Magazine Increased in PopularityC. Scientists Unlocked the Secret behind DroughtD. A Breakthrough Occurred in Space ExplorationDIn the late 1990s, a scientist named Mark Blumberg stood in a lab at the University of lowa watching a few sleeping newlyborn rats. He found that the baby rats kept making small, sharp movements in their sleep, and that their closed eyes moved from side to side in a phenomenon known as rapid eye movement (REM). Blumberg knew that the rats were fine, because he knew people do the same during REM sleep. And scientists have long had an explanation for the twitches (抽动) and REM: They are dreaming about their waking life.However, as he dug deeper, he wondered why adult rats spend only about two hours of each night in REM sleep, while baby rats spend an unusual amount of time in REM, often sleeping for sixteen hours a day and dreaming for eight.“If dreams are hints of waking life, adult rats who have more experiences should spend more time in REM sleep. Why do baby rats, whose eyes are still shut, spend so much time in REM sleep when they have too little to dream about?” he wondered. “Why do their eyes, their legs, tails and whiskers move hundreds of thousands of times during their sleep?”In the end, Blumberg concluded that it might be the other way around—perhaps the movements were sending signals to the brain to help it learn about the body.“You wouldn’t think that the body is something a brain needs to learn,” he wrote in a paper. “But we aren’t born with maps of our bodies. We can’t be, because our bodies change by the day. But in waking life, we cannot move only a single muscle. Even the simplest act of swallowing (吞咽) employs more than thirty pairs of nerves and muscles working together. Our small and sharp movements in sleep, by contrast, are exact and precise: They involve muscles one at a time. In other words, such movements allow the muscles and nerves to form one-to-one connections that otherwise would be impossible. It’s a process that’s most important for the brain to learn about the body as we grow, suffer injuries and learn new skills.32. What was the previous explanation for REM?A. It was just an outward sign of dreams.B. It showed the difficulty in sleeping.C. It was an indicator of terrible dreams.D. It only occured to sleeping baby rats.33. What can be leaned from paragraph 2?A. Baby rats have to spend all night in REM sleepB. REM sleep just accounts for part of the sleeping time.C. It is unnecessary for baby rats to sleep 16 hours a day.D. It is not enough for adults to have two hours of REM sleep.34. What is a feature of the movements in REM sleep according to Mark Blumberg?A. They teach the brain new skills and heal injuries.B. Muscles have to work together to start the movements.C. Each of them just involves a muscle and a nerve at a time.D. They are less exact and precise than our daily movements.35. What is the text mainly about?A. The importance of REM sleep.B. The latest discoveries about dreamingC. The relationship between dreams and waking life.D. A different explanation for the twitches during sleep.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Five Ways to Feel More EnergizedHere are five tried and true ways to feel more energized naturally. 36 While it seems obvious that you are tired, you need to sleep more. However, staying up late is extremely common in the US. In fact, more than a third of Americans do not get enough sleep. It’s recommended that adults aged 18—60 get at least seven hours of sleep a night.Stay hydrated (补水). Being dehydrated can make you feel sleepy. 37 . Drinking water is so important that you may want to invest in a smart water bottle to remind you to keep drinking.Limit sugar and stick to healthy food. When you feel tired, your first reaction is to reach for a sweet snack or drink. Sugary foods lead to an increase in blood sugar that causes your body to release a large amount of insulin (胰岛素). 38 . It’s much better to turn to healthy food like whole grain biscuits to keep your energy up.Get moving every day. You may think that exercising is the last thing you want to do when you are tired. 39 That’s because exercise releases hormones that can help you fight tiredness. Instead of sitting during your lunch, take a walk outdoors.Take a power nap (小睡). If you need it, take a quick power nap. Naps can be big productivity boosters and do not have to take a long time. Taking a 20-minute nap can help you get the energy you need for the rest of the day. 40 .A. Adjust your bedtime.B. Get up early every morning.C. That way, your mood gradually lightens.D. The result is that you feel even more tired.E. However, it can actually be the best thing you can do.F. So turn off the computer and rest your body and mind.G. It is critical to drink more water, especially in summer.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中远出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。This week, I will hike along the Appalachian Trail alone to look for what can be hard to find in the city: solitude (独处). In the 41 I can find places to be alone, but it is much harder to find true solitude. The 42 between cities and mountains is the secret I find that the 43 comforts.For many people, the idea of being alone in mountains can be 44 . It’s understandable because we are, 45 social animals. But being in the wild without others doesn’t mean being 46 . In fact it can be quite the 47 : Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frogs crossing the trail.And there is more.When you come to a(n) 48 where the sunlight makes it to the forest floor, you can sometimes catch a hint of something. I don’t know what to call it. Words 49 . But it feels something like a root or a(n) 50 song of the world’s own presence.If that moment is just between you and the wild world, then you are 51 indeed. That is when you. can 52 what Henry David Thoreau meant when he said, “I never found the 53 that was so companionable as solitude.”So, as the great John Muir 54 it: “Keep close to Nature’s heart once in a while, and climb a mountain or spend a week in the wild to wash your 55 clean.”41. A. mountainB. cityC. airD. sea42. A. connectionB. agreementC. differenceD. argument43. A. foodB. friendshipC. musicD. wilderness44. A. discomfortingB. amusingC. relaxingD. exciting45. A. by choiceB. by accidentC. by natureD. by mistake46. A. happyB. aloneC. patientD. brave47. A. oppositeB. falseC. beautifulD. same48. A. apartmentB. officeC. farmD. clearing49. A. failB. spreadC. matterD. win50. A. sweetB. unvoicedC. popularD. odd51. A. angryB. sadC. luckyD. frightened52. A. refuseB. forgetC. forgiveD. understand53. A. pondB. companionC. hunterD. rain54. A. putB. deniedC. acceptedD. assessed55. A. landB. bodyC. recordD. spirit第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Gulao, a water town in China’s Jiangmen City, was built on tidal flats (潮坪地貌) where farmers and fishermen pushed the dirt around 56 (form) ponds. In this area, land parts were often connected by wooden bridges. Now, it is being turned into 57 eco-cultural tourism resort by LUO Studio. The press release states that it “maintains the form of the basic local water system, and 58 (successful) integrates nature education, parent-child recreation, and fishing activities.”“During the fishing civilization period, roads 59 (construct) poorly, so water systems became key routes of transportation,” states LUO Studio. “Bridges needed to be walkable, while also 60 (ensure) more space for boats to pass through, so traditional bridge construction techniques in China adopted arches (拱形) to create space.”Arched bridges, sometimes 61 (call) moon bridges, are high enough in the middle for boats to get under. But these 62 (model) often have rising stairs up each side not to extend very far into the surrounding fields.LUO Studio has designed this covered arch bridge out of wood, 63 is evidently common in the area. The initial intention is to strengthen the bridge structure, 64 keep the wood dry. This project also inherits (继承) the construction wisdom of ancient covered bridges. The covered passage enhances the overall structural 65 (stable) and protects the arched wooden structure from exposure to sun and rain.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Allen计划来你的家乡旅游，发邮件向你询问有关景点情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：1. 推荐景点；2. 说明理由；3. 表达期待。注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Allen,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Like the Christmas before, we didn’t send Christmas cards; we called my family in Canada. Ginny and I talked to my mom. We spoke to my uncles and aunts. I hadn’t seen any of them in seven years and Ginny hadn’t met them yet, but she hoped to one day.Those calls were completed, but I couldn’t relax. I still had one more call to make, and I was afraid. I paced up and down inside the room. I wasted time at my computer. I needed to call but I couldn’t.Five years ago, I received an e-mail from my brother. At that time, I bad been out of work for several months. My life was very stressful. My brother’s e-mail was nothing terrible but it made me angry.I wrote back. As I typed, my anger grew. Months of frustration (沮丧) flowed into my unkind response. I said things that were not nice, but I sent the e-mail without hesitation. More thoughts occurred to me. I wrote a second e-mail.I screamed abuse at my brother in the emails. I didn’t care if I ever beard from him again.The next day I received another e-mail from him. I didn’t read it. I just deleted it, and then I blocked his e-mail address.For five years, he tried to get through to me but I ignored him. I had lived with this terrible guilt. I thought about contacting him, but was ashamed of myself for what I’d said.It was time to fix it. I picked up the phone and stepped outside. I wanted privacy. Ginny didn’t know I was calling my brother. I took a deep breath, blew out a cloud of my breath into the cold December air, and dialed (拨号) his number. Even after five years, I still knew it by heart. A phone rang 3,700 miles away in Nova Scotia.注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。There was no answer, so I left a voice message. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Then a week after I called, I received an e-mail. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________禹州高中菁华校区第二次阶段性考试英语试卷答案解析【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了美国的四个国家公园。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Theodore Roosevelt National Park一节“The hiking trails (小径) allow tourists to see some of this country’s natural wonders and amazing wildlife.(徒步旅行可以让游客看到这个国家的一些自然奇观和令人惊叹的野生动物。)”可知，游客在Theodore Roosevelt National Park可以体验这里的远足线路。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Isle Royale National Park一节“The island is only accessible by boat.( 这个岛只能乘船到达)”可知，游客只能通过水路到达Isle Royale National Park。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Guadalupe Mountains National Park一节“It is also home to the Salt Basin Dunes, which are an amazing windswept landscape.(它也是盐盆地沙丘的所在地，这是一个令人惊叹的风吹景观)”可知，Guadalupe Mountains National Park有独特的风蚀地貌。故选D。【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段I enjoy throwing stuff away . I’d love to go full minim alism (极简主义), but my wife and two kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it . I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my favorite games — “Do We Need It ?” and “Put It in Its Place” — and made them play every month . Their enthusiasm never matched mine.(我喜欢扔掉东西。我喜欢完全的极简主义，但是我的妻子和两个孩子并不像我一样梦想有一个几乎什么都没有的房子。我试过了。当孩子们小的时候，我教他们我最喜欢的游戏——“我们需要它吗？”和“把它放在它的位置”让他们每个月都玩。他们的热情永远比不上我。)可以推知，作者的家人对完全极简主义不太感兴趣。故选B。【25题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段If I’m going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as I’d like . My “discarded” pile... useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.(说实话，我自己的整理技能并没有我想要的那么好。我的“废弃”堆从来都不是我想要的垃圾山，因为我为东西为什么有用找借口。我认为这样不健康。我想更好地继续前进。)可划线部分的“discarded”意为“废弃的”，andoned的；B. disposable 一次性的；C. organized有组织的；D. classified分类的。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段If I’m going to be honest,...useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.(说实话，我自己的整理技能并没有我想要的那么好。我的“废弃”堆从来都不是我想要的垃圾山，因为我为东西为什么有用找借口。我认为这样不健康。我想更好地继续前进。)和第三段第一句So , this time I found help — the classics for people like me : The Life — Changing Magic of Tidying Up , by Marie Kondo. Kondo’s commitment to her craft is astonishing.(所以，这次我找到了帮助——为像我这样的人准备的经典书籍：近藤麻理惠的《改变生活的整理魔法》。)可知，作者之所以读The Life – Changing Magic of Tidying Up 这本书是为了提高他自己的整理技能。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出作者喜欢完全的极简主义风格，并且努力让家人也融入其中；第二段指出自己的整理技巧有待提升；第三段提到自己为了提高整理技巧阅读了近藤麻理惠的《改变生活的整理魔法》；第四至第七段是作者整理自己的衣物过程中引发的思考。因此，本文主要讲的是作者追求极简主义的努力。故选C。【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。Atacama Desert沙漠的核心区域500年间从未下雨，近年却因气候变化迎来降雨。科学家们研究发现，雨水并未让这片不毛之地焕发生机，相反，给那里的微生物带来了灭顶之灾。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“When rains fell in the Atacama Desert for the first time in centuries, scientists had expected to see life blossom (繁盛). Instead, almost everything died. The shocking discovery was published in the journal Scientific Reports. (当阿塔卡马沙漠几个世纪以来第一次下雨时，科学家们曾期望看到生命开花。相反，几乎所有东西都死了。这一令人震惊的发现发表在《科学报告》杂志上。)”以及第三段“The international team of scientists who studied the region were hoping for deserts springing to life. “Instead, we learned the contrary, as we found that rain in the dry core of the Atacama Desert caused a massive extinction of most native microbe (微生物) species there,”said study co-author Alberto Fairn.(研究该地区的国际科学家团队希望沙漠能够出现。“相反，我们了解到相反的情况，因为我们发现阿塔卡马沙漠干燥核心的雨水导致了那里大多数本地微生物物种的大规模灭绝，”该研究的合著者阿尔贝托费尔卡曼说。)”可知，科学家们对他们的发现感到很吃惊。故选B。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前“But after the rain fell, just two to four species were still found to be surviving in the resultant pool of water. (但在降雨之后，人们发现只有两到四个物种在由此形成的水池中幸存下来。)”及画线词后“In particular, these microbes were adapted to survive in extreme dryness. They were unable to adapt quickly enough to the unexpected rainfall.(特别是，这些微生物适应了在极端干燥的环境中生存。他们无法足够快地适应突如其来的降雨)”可推断，灭绝事件的原因是是由突然涌入的水引起的，画线词与Arrival的意思最接近。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“And we’ve recently found nitrates on Mars, which could be indicating a similar process there.(我们最近在火星上发现了硝酸盐，这可能表明火星上也有类似的过程。)”可推断，在这片沙漠里发现了硝酸盐，为相关科研带来了些许希望。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“When rains fell in the Atacama Desert for the first time in centuries, scientists had expected to see life blossom (繁盛). Instead, almost everything died. The shocking discovery was published in the journal Scientific Reports. (当阿塔卡马沙漠几个世纪以来第一次下雨时，科学家们曾期望看到生命开花。相反，几乎所有东西都死了。这一令人震惊的发现发表在《科学报告》杂志上。)”可知，本文主要介绍Atacama Desert 沙漠的核心区域500年间从未下雨，近年突如其来的雨水并未让这片不毛之地焕发生机，反而给那里的微生物带来了灭顶之灾。故选A。【答案】32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Mark Blumberg在二十世纪九十年代末，对动物在睡眠时的身体抽动及眼球快速转动的不同见解：这些不是做梦的表征，而是在帮助大脑了解身体的各个部位。32. A细节理解题。根据第一段“And scientists have long had an explanation for the twitches (抽动) and REM：They are dreaming about their waking life.”可知，在这之前的解释是：REM是做梦的表征。33. B推理判断。根据第二段中所给了总睡眠时间与REM睡眠时间之差可推断，REM睡眠时间只占总睡眠时间的一部分。34. C细节理解题。根据最后一段“our small and sharp movements in sleep, by contrast, are exact and precise: They involve muscles one at a time.可知，这种抽动只牵涉到单一的肌肉与神经之间的链接。35. D主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第四段“In the end, Blumberg concluded that it might be the other way around—perhaps the movements were sending signals to the brain to help it learn about the body.”可知，本文主要是介绍了Mark Blumberg在二十世纪九十年代末，对动物在睡眠时的身体抽动及眼球快速转动的不同见解。【答案】36. A 37. G 38. D 39. E 40. F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种保持精力充沛的小妙招。【36题详解】设空处概括本段内容，为本段小标题，设空处与下文四个段的首句句式保持一致，即应是祈使句。根据后文“However, staying up late is extremely common in the US. In fact, more than a third of Americans do not get enough sleep. It’s recommended that adults aged 18—60 get at least seven hours of sleep a night.(然而，熬夜在美国是非常普遍的。事实上，超过三分之一的美国人睡眠不足。建议18-60岁的成年人每晚至少睡7个小时。)”可知，应该调整自己的睡眠时间，保证足够的睡眠。A项：Adjust your bedtime(调整就寝时间)概括本段内容，合乎句意。故选A。【37题详解】根据后句“Drinking water is so important that you may want to invest in a smart water bottle to remind you to keep drinking.(喝水是如此重要，你可能想要投资一个智能水瓶来提醒你继续喝水。)”可知，设空处应为多喝水的重要性，G项：It is critical to drink more wate, especially in summer(多喝水是很重要的，尤其是在夏天)引出后句，话题一致。故选G【38题详解】根据上句“Sugary foods lead to an increase in blood sugar that causes your body to release a large amount of insulin (胰岛素) (含糖食物会导致血糖升高，导致你的身体释放大量胰岛素)”可知，后句应为身体释放大量胰岛素的后果，D项：The result is that you feel even more tired(结果是你会觉得更累)承接上句，合乎句意。故选D。【39题详解】根据上句“You may think that exercising is the last thing you want to do when you are tired.(你可能认为当你累的时候，锻炼是你最不想做的事情。)”以及后句“That’s because exercise releases hormones that can help you fight tiredness. Instead of sitting during your lunch, take a walk outdoors.(这是因为运动可以释放荷尔蒙，帮助你对抗疲劳。午餐时不要坐着，到户外走走吧。)”可知，设空处应指出应该进行运动来对抗疲劳，且和上句形成转折关系，E项：However, it can actually be the best thing you can do(然而，这实际上可能是你能做的最好的事情)合乎句意，it指代上文的exercising。故选E。【40题详解】根据上句“Taking a 20-minute nap can help you get the energy you need for the rest of the day.(小睡 20分钟可以帮助你获得一天剩余时间所需的能量)”可知，应该进行适当的休息，F项：So turn off the computer and rest your body and mind(所以关掉电脑，让你的身心得到休息)和上句构成因果关系，合乎句意。故选F。【完型填空】41-45 BCDAC 46-50 BADAB 51-55 CDBAD导语：本文是一篇散文。作者在文中表达了对野外独处的向往与感受。41. B根据空后“I can find places to be alone, but it is much harder to find true solitude. The ____ between cities and mountains is...”可知，作者认为在城市(city)里很难找到真正独处的感觉。42. C他认为，城市与山林之间的区别(difference)在于：荒野(wilderness)可抚慰人心。43. D见上题解析。44. A根据空后“It’s understandable because we are... social animals.”可知，很多人一想到孤身一人待在深山 里就会感到不自在(discomforting)。45. C作者认为这是可以理解的，因为本性上讲(by nature)人是社会性动物。46. B根据空后“Life is there already. There are the bird calls in the air and frogs crossing the trail.”可知，作者认为一个人在野外并不意味着孤单一人(alone)。而是相反(opposite)：那里有虫鸟为伴。47. A见上题解析。48. D根据上文“And there is more.”及空后“where the sunlight makes it to the forest floor...”可知，作者要 谈的是林间那空灵斑驳的空地(clearing)。49. A根据空前“I don’t know what to call it.”可知，那种感觉无法用(fail)文字来表达。50. B我们只能用心去体味大自然中无声的(unvoiced)歌。51. C如果此刻只有你和荒野在一起那才是真正的幸运(lucky)。52. D因为，只有那一刻你才能理解(understand)Henry David Thoreau说过的话：“我从未意识到独处是这么好的陪伴(companion)。”53. B见上题解析。54. A或是像John Muir说(put)的：“每隔一段时间亲近一次自然可以荡涤你的心灵(spirit)。”55. D见上题解析。【语法填空】56. to form 57. an/the 58. successfully 59. were constructed 60. ensuring 61. called62. models 63. which 64. and 65. stability【导语】这是一篇说明文。历经数百年岁月，广东省江门市古劳水乡保留着原生岭南水乡风貌，由LUO工作室设计建造的木质拱桥为水乡平添了儿分韵味。【56题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：鼓老是中国江门市的一个水乡，建在潮滩上，农民和渔民把泥土推来推去形成池塘。根据“pushed the dirt around”和“(form)ponds”可知，此处是指把泥土推来推去是为了形成池塘，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to form。【57题详解】考查冠词。句意：现在，它正在被罗工作室改造成(一个)生态文化旅游度假区。resort意为“旅游胜地，度假胜地”，为可数名词，此处eco-cultural tourism resort第一次出现，所以可以理解为泛指，应用不定冠词，eco-cultural的开头发音为元音，所以不定冠词应用an。根据“by LUO Studio”可知，此处也可以理解为特指，应用定冠词the。故填an/the。【58题详解】考查副词。句意：新闻稿称，它“保持了当地基本水系的形式，并成功地将自然教育、亲子娱乐和钓鱼活动结合在一起。”此处修饰动词应用副词successfully表示“成功地”作状语。故填successfully。【59题详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：“在捕鱼文明时期，道路建设很差，因此水系成为交通的主要路线。”罗工作室说。根据“During the fishing civilization period”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词construct 意为“建设”，和主语roads构成被动关系。故填were constructed。【60题详解】考查现在分词。句意：“桥梁需要适合步行，同时也要确保有更多的空间让船只通过，所以中国传统的桥梁建造技术采用拱形来创造空间。”在while引导的状语从句中主语和主句相同，所以可以省略从句的主语和系动词，动词ensure意为“保证”，和主语bridges构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填ensuring。【61题详解】考查过去分词。句意：拱桥，有时被称为月亮桥，中间足够高，船只可以从下面通过。句中已有谓语动词are且无连词，故空处填非谓语动词，动词call意为“称呼”，和主语arched bridges构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填called。【62题详解】考查名词复数。句意：但这些模型通常每边都有上升的楼梯，不会延伸到周围的田地很远。model意为“模型”，为可数名词，在these后应用复数形式。故填models。【63题详解】考查定语从句。句意：罗工作室用木材设计了这座拱桥，这在该地区很常见。在非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为this covered arch bridge，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。【64题详解】考查连词。句意：最初的意图是加强桥梁结构，并保持木材干燥。“strengthen the bridge structure”和“keep the wood dry”构成并列关系，所以应用并列连词and。故填and。【65题详解】考查名词。句意：有盖通道增强了整体结构的稳定性，并保护拱形木结构免受日晒雨淋。此处作宾语应用名词stability表示“稳定性”。故填stability。【小作文答案】Dear Allen,I’m so excited to hear that you’re planning to visit my hometown, which is a beautiful place with a rich cultural heritage and a wide range of attractions.One of the most famous attractions in my hometown is the Dragon Gate Bridge. It’s a 150-meter-long bridge with a dragon-shaped gate at each end. Another popular attraction is the Tiger Cave Temple. It’s a historical temple complex with beautiful gardens and statues of tigers. These two attractions will offer you a unique experience during your stay.I’m looking forward to meeting you in my hometown.Yours,Li Hua【读后续写答案】There was no answer, so I left a voice message. “Bob, it’s Mike. I’m sorry. I said some things I regret. I want to wish you a Merry Christmas and hope all is well with you.” I left my number. I walked back into the house and looked at Ginny. “I did it.” She looked puzzled. “You did what?” “I called Bob.” “Oh, honey! You did it right. We are family and it’s been too long. Christmas came and went. I waited for the call that never came. I prayed for his forgiveness. The phone didn’t ring.Then a week after I called, I received an e-mail. My brother left me a message in my mailbox. He said he listened to my voice message over and over and knew I was sincere. In the weeks to follow, we e-mailed back and forth. I felt so guilty about my stupid mistake. Why was I too proud to say sorry? Now it was time to put an end to all. Since then, we have grown close again. Even though I haven’t been able to afford the trip home, we are still family.【解析】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了由于距离较远，作者已经七年没有回家了，圣诞节前夕，作者给在加拿大的家人电话问候，女儿金妮和作者几乎和家里的所有人都通过电话了，但是作者仍然无法平静，因为还有一个亲人没有联系，那就是作者的哥哥。五年前，由于作者失业好几个月，生活压力很大。作者和哥哥的邮件很不友善，产生隔阂，这让作者很害怕和哥哥联系。【详解】1. 段落续写：由第一段首句内容“没人接，所以我留了语音信息。”可知，第一段可描写作者语音信息的内容，以及作者对于和哥哥联系的期待。由第二段首句内容“打电话一周后，我收到了一封电子邮件。”可知，第二段可描写哥哥的回应，以及作者内心的感悟。2. 续写线索：打电话—留语音信息—期待回复—取得联系—消除隔阂—感悟