精品解析：2024年山东省临沂市中考英语真题（解析版）

试卷类型：A2024年临沂市初中学业水平考试试题英语注意事项：1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卡两部分。试题卷1至10页，答题卡1至3 页。总分100分，考试时间120分钟。2.答卷前考生务必用0.5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置。考生须在答题卡规定的区域内答题，在试题卷上答题不得分。选择题须用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写。3.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。试 题 卷一、听力 （共20小题；每小题1分，计20分）（一）听对话，选择与对话内容相对应的图片。每组对话读两遍。答案:1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________（二）听对话和问题，根据所听内容，选择最佳答案。对话和问题都读两遍。6. Where is Tom's English teacher from?A. England. B. Australia. C. America.7. What club do Bob and Kate want to join?A. The chess club. B. The art club. C. The music club.8. How many students won the first prize in the competition?A. Two. B. Three. C. Five.9. How will Alan learn English?A. By studying grammar.B. By reading the texts aloud. C. By watching English movies.10. What does Miss Yang do?A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A student.（三）听短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误，正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。短文读两遍。听短文前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。11. It's the biggest and newest mall in our city.12. Children's toys and clothes are on the first floor.13. Black trousers for men are only 9 dollars.14. You can eat dumplings on the fourth floor.15. The cinema has the biggest screens in our city.（四）听对话，根据对话内容完成下列句子，每空词数不限。对话读三遍。听对话前，你们有20秒钟的时间阅读下列句子。注意：请将答案填写在答题卡指定区域。16. When is the book report due?The book report is due next _____________.17. What does Peter think of the Monkey King?He is very brave and _____________.18. Where does Peter advise Mary to go?He advises Mary to go to the _____________.19. What happened to Jack?He played _____________and hurt himself yesterday.20. What will Peter and Mary do?They will go to the hospital to _____________Jack first.二、阅读理解 （共20小题； 每小题1.5分， 计30分）（一）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。ASouth African Safari8:00 p. m.Start and end in Johannesburg7:30 p. m.SaturdayTrek in CanadaWe leave the airport at 10:00 p. m.Start and end in TorontoDinner: 6:30 p. m.Party: Friday eveningSurfing in Spanish seasFlight leaves at 5:30 a. m.Start and end in BarcelonaDinner is at 6:00 p. m. every day.There is a party every Saturday at the hotel.1. In which trip can you see giraffes?A. South African Safari.B. Trek in Canada.C. Surfing in Spanish seas.2. In the trip “Trek in Canada”, what time do you leave the airport?A. At 5:30 a. m.B. At 8:00 p. m.C. At 10:00 p. m.3. What can you do in the trip “Surfing in Spanish seas”?A. Have dinner at 7:30 p. m.B. Go to a party on Friday.C. Go surfing.4. Where is the passage probably from?A. A science report.B. A travel guide.C. A restaurant menu.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B【解析】【导语】本文介绍了三个旅行地，包括时间、出行、活动等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据South African Safari中的图片可知，在南非野生动物园可以看到长颈鹿。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Trek in Canada中“We leave the airport at 10:00 p. m.”可知，晚上10点离开机场。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Surfing in Spanish seas中的图片可知，在西班牙海域可以冲浪。故选C。【4题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍了南非野生动物园、加拿大之旅以及在西班牙海域冲浪，故文章来自旅游指南。故选B。BThere was a very mean man named Mr. Black who lived on the sixth floor of an apartment building. He was so impolite to his neighbors that no one even knew his first name was Adam. He never said hello to anyone, and he left his rubbish out in the hallway. He always complained (抱怨) about all his neighbors and the noise they made. He even got upset when the couple who lived next door to him, Catherine and David, had a baby. Instead of saying congratulations, he loudly complained about how the baby would surely cry all night.One day when he was leaving his apartment, Mr. Black saw that his rubbish was gone. In its place, he found a note from David. “Good morning, Mr. Black. I saw your rubbish here, and since I was on my way out, I picked it up for you. I wanted to save you a trip. Have a nice day, David.” However, Mr. Black decided to ignore this act of kindness. He began thinking about the terrible traffic he would surely have to deal with on his way to work.But as time went on, Mr. Black started to feel a little silly. No matter how impolite he was, the couple always smiled at him and politely said hello. It became harder and harder for him not to simply say hello back.After a few weeks, Mr. Black was always happy to see the couple in the hall. They even started calling him Adam. Later on, they invited Mr. Black into their apartment for a cup of coffee. Mr. Black was very glad that they treated him nicely. He was so upset about it that he had been impolite to everyone he knew. He realized that he should try to do the same with the people he met.5. Which word can best describe Mr. Black according to Paragraph 1?A. Serious.B. Unfriendly.C. Strict.6. Who took out the rubbish for Mr. Black?A. Adam.B. Catherine.C. David.7. What does the underlined word “ignore” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Pay no attention to.B. Say thanks to.C. Stick to.8. What did Mr. Black realize finally?A. He should say sorry to his neighbors in the building.B. He should treat others as he would like to be treated.C. He should thank all the people who ever helped him.【答案】5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了一个名叫布莱克的人对邻居非常不友好，但是他的邻居对他始终保持友好，最后他意识到应该像他们一样对待他人。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据“There was a very mean man named Mr. Black…He was so impolite to his neighbors…He always complained (抱怨) about all his neighbors…”可知，布莱克对邻居非常不友好，他从不和任何人打招呼，他总是抱怨他的邻居和他们制造的噪音，所以推知布莱克非常不友好。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据“In its place, he found a note from David.”及“Good morning, Mr. Black. I saw your rubbish here, and since I was on my way out, I picked it up for you.”可知，纸条是大卫写的，大卫看到了布莱克的垃圾，于是帮布莱克拿走了垃圾。故选C。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“He began thinking about the terrible traffic he would surely have to deal with on his way to work.”可知，布莱克看到大卫留的纸条，知道是大卫帮自己拿走了垃圾，但是他并为此作出感谢，而是考虑上班路上的交通情况。划线部分单词意为“忽视”，即布莱克将大卫的善举置之不理。故选A。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据“Mr. Black was very glad that they treated him nicely.…He realized that he should try to do the same with the people he met.”可知，布莱克很高兴邻居对他的友好对待，他意识到他应该像他们一样对待他遇到的人。故选B。CIt can be really embarrassed if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! Talking to yourself actually has a lot of advantages.You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings. “Talking to yourself in the third person is like giving yourself advice,” said Jason Moser, a professor (教授) from Michigan State University, US. Moser uses himself in an example. He does not like flying, but he has to fly often for his work. So when he is feeling nervous or afraid during a flight (航班), he talks to himself. “Well, you know, Jason knows air travel is very safe. And Jason has been on thousands of flights.” This can help us to see things from a different aspect (角度), especially when we’re feeling sad or angry.When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers (调查者) put the players into two groups: one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group.Self-talk also helps to improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled the information the best, researchers said in their study. It’s because the information will probably become a long-term memory if it is said out loud.9 What does the underlined word “It” refer to (指代) in Paragraph 2?A. Talking to yourself.B. The brain.C. Thinking.10. How does the writer show his opinion in Paragraph 3?A. By listing numbers.B. By giving an example.C. By comparing himself with others.11. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?A. Talking to yourself helps to find out the best players.B. Talking to yourself helps to improve players’ talking skills.C. Talking to yourself helps to make you more confident.12. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? (P =Paragraph)A. B. C. 【答案】9. A 10. B 11. C 12. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章介绍了自言自语的好处。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself loud is like showing this quiet inner (内在的) speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.”可知，大声对自己说话就像展示自己的内心语言，可以帮助我们在学校、运动和工作等不同领域做得更好。故划线部分It指代上文提到的Talking to yourself。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据“Talking to yourself, especially in the third person, can help us manage bad feelings.”可知，第三段主要介绍自言自语可以帮助我们控制不好的感觉。文章以美国密歇根州立大学教授杰森个人乘坐飞机的经历论证了这一观点。故文章第三段通过举例子的方式论证观点。故选B。【11题详解】段落大意题。根据“When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self-confidence.”可知，文章第四段主要介绍了自言自语可以帮助提高自信。故选C。【12题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段总起全文，表明文章主题：自言自语有很多好处；文章第二段总体介绍了自言自语的概念，进一步表明它的好处；文章第三、四、五段分别从三个方面具体阐述自言自语的好处，故文章正确的结构如图A所示。故选A。DOn April 18 each year, people all over the world celebrate the International Day for Monuments and Sites (国际古迹遗址日). In China, young people are realizing the importance of their history and culture. Many are doing their best to protect Chinese cultural sites and try to promote (推广) them.Finding new artifacts (文物)Xu Danyang, a 29-year-old archaeologist (考古学家), found an amazing bronze statue (青铜像) at the Sanxingdui site in Sichuan. In 2021, he dug out this statue. In the beginning, his team thought it was a bird. But as they continued the digging, they had a surprise. It turned out (结果是) to be a statue of a man, about 16cm high. It shows a man kneeling with his head turned, and it surprises everyone who sees it.Making maps for protectionWu Yunjie who was born in the 1990s found a new way — by making a special map to show the best cultural sites in China. Wu is now famous on the Internet. He marked almost 10,000 places like old temples, towers, bridges and houses. Each site with colorful marks showed how special and important they are. As a kid, Wu loved going to a temple in his hometown in Ezhou, Hubei. However, it was pulled down years ago. He was sad and decided to record all the cultural sites in China.He started to travel across the country. He visits places in person and adds them to his map, making sure we all remember them. Now, Wu asks for help from people online to make his map better and better. And he hopes to share this amazing map with everyone who respects (尊重)history and culture soon.Making explanations (解释) funZhang Bin is a 31-year-old tour guide at Emperor Qinshihuang’s Mausoleum Site Museum in Xi’an, Shaanxi. He works to answer visitors’ questions about the famous Terracotta Warriors and shares all of his knowledge about them. Zhang often uses the traditional Chinese performance art of xiangsheng to explain them. He is doing something meaningful for the site.13. How many ways are mentioned to protect and promote Chinese cultural sites in this passage?A. Three.B. Four.C. Five.14. Why were Xu Danyang and his team surprised at the bronze statue?A. Because the statue was very big and scary with his head turned.B. Because the statue changed from a bird into a kneeling child.C. Because the statue which they thought was a bird turned out to be a man.15. What does Wu Yunjie do to make his map of Chinese cultural sites? He marks sites on his map. He visits places in person. He asks for help online. He answers visitors’ questions.A. B. C. 16. What's the best title (标题) for the passage?A. Spreading Traditional Chinese ArtB. Introducing Chinese Cultural SitesC. Respecting History with Action【答案】13. A 14. C 15. B 16. C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了中国年轻人通过不同的方式保护和推广中国的文化遗址。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“Finding new artifacts (文物)”、“Making maps for protection”及“Making explanations (解释) fun”可知，文中提到了三种保护和推广中国文化遗址的方式：发掘新的文物，制作保护地图，以及通过有趣的方式进行解释。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据“In the beginning, his team thought it was a bird. But as they continued the digging, they had a surprise. It turned out (结果是) to be a statue of a man, about 16cm high.”可知，徐丹阳和他的团队对青铜像感到惊讶的原因是他们原本以为它是一只鸟，结果却是一个人的雕像。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据“He marked almost 10,000 places like old temples, towers, bridges and houses.”、“He visits places in person and adds them to his map”及“Now, Wu asks for help from people online to make his map better and better.”可知，吴云杰制作中国文化遗址地图的方式包括：在地图上标记遗址，亲自访问这些地方，并在线上寻求帮助。故选B。【16题详解】最佳标题题。通读文章可知，文章主要介绍了中国年轻人通过不同的方式保护和推广中国的文化遗址，因此Respecting History with Action最能概括文章的主题。故选C。（二）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。EHow to Develop Good Study HabitsMost teenagers need to learn how to develop good study habits. Learning effective (有效的) study methods can make you feel less stressed about school and improve grades. Here are some useful methods. Make a plan ahead of time. First, create a calendar. Use a large wall calendar and write all of your tasks and activities on it. Next, create a weekly planner (规划簿). ____17____ You should make sure to include time to work on each task a few days before it’s due. Then, create a daily list. This to-do list helps you to know what you should do a day and see how much progress you’re making. Consider study environment. ____18____ Maybe you work better alone. Or, maybe you like to work in a group. No matter what place you choose, when it’s homework time, that’s the environment you should study in.____19____ It can be very distracting (使分心) to have to look for a pencil or a ruler in the middle of studying. Find a place where they can keep all your homework materials so you’re ready to go. Keep a worry notepad (便笺). If you are easily distracted by your own thoughts, a worry notepad is a good tool for you. Instead of trying to deal with all the distracting things, you can write them down on the notepad. ____20____Good study habits don’t always come easily. It takes time to develop.A. Have all materials on hand.B. What good study habits do you have?C. Make a study plan for each week.D. Do you study better at school or at home?E. When you finish your homework, then you can deal with the things.【答案】17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E【解析】【导语】本文就如何养成良好的学习习惯给出了几个方法。【17题详解】根据“Next, create a weekly planner”可知，此处介绍创建一个每周规划簿。故选项C“每周制定一个学习计划。”符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据“Consider study environment. …Maybe you work better alone. Or, maybe you like to work in a group.”可知，此处介绍选择合适的学习地点。故选项D“你在学校学习好还是在家学习好？”符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】根据“It can be very distracting (使分心) to have to look for a pencil or a ruler in the middle of studying.”可知，此处介绍一件可以让我们在学习过程中分心的事情。故选项A“把所有材料都放在手里。”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据“Instead of trying to deal with all the distracting things, you can write them down on the notepad.”可知，此处介绍把自己烦恼的事情写在一个便签上，完成作业后再去处理它们。故选项E“当你完成作业后，你就可以处理这些事情了。”符合语境。故选E。三、语言运用 （共20 小题；每小题1分，计20分）A.阅读下面短文，根据短文内容从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。第一个方框供1—5 小题选用，第二个方框供6—10小题选用。每个选项只能使用一次，每框有一项剩余。A. dangerous B. dress C. look after D. in surprise E. safe F. appearedSomewhere deep in the rainforests and mountains of Colombia there’s a very special woman. You may never see her, but she’s there all the same. She wears a ____21____ made of leaves. She’s got no shoes on her feet and she has a ring of wild flowers on her head. Her name is Mother Mountain. Her job is to ____22____ nature and the environment, and to make sure that no one harms it. The animals of the rainforests and mountains love her. She’s their friend, and they know that they’re ____23____ with her.One day a man came into the forest. He saw a bear. As he was getting ready to catch it with a net (网), Mother Mountain suddenly ____24____ from nowhere and caught the net in her strong hands. The man turned and looked at her ____25____.A. important B. made a soft noise C. beautiful D. meat E. fell to the ground F. fruit“Why have you come into the forest?” she asked. “To get ____26____ for my children to eat,” the man said. “You can’t kill any animals,” Mother Mountain said. Slowly her green eyes turned red and she said, “The environment is ____27____ for you and me! Get to sleep now. Then wake up and see!”The man ____28____ in a deep sleep. The bear touched Mother Mountain and ____29____. It seemed to be saying “Thank you, Mother Mountain.”The men slept for several hours. Then he woke up from his deep sleep and looked round. He didn’t see Mother Mountain. She wasn’t there. He only saw how _____30_____ the forest and its animals were. He walked home and promised never to hurt an animal again.【答案】21. B 22. C 23. E 24. F 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. E 29. B 30. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了哥伦比亚雨林和山脉深处的山妈妈保护自然环境的故事。【21题详解】句意：她穿着一件树叶做的衣服。根据“wears”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少名词作宾语，指穿着一件衣服，故dress“衣服”符合语境。故选B。【22题详解】句意：她的工作是照顾自然和环境，并确保没有人伤害它。根据“Her job is to …nature and the environment”及备选词汇可知，此处是动词不定式作表语，指山妈妈的工作是照顾自然环境。故look after“照顾”符合语境。故选C。【23题详解】句意：她是他们的朋友，他们知道和她在一起很安全。根据“and they know that they’re…with her.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少形容词作表语，指动物们和山妈妈在一起很安全。故safe“安全的”符合语境。故选E。【24题详解】句意：正当他准备撒网时，山妈妈突然不知从哪里冒出来，用她有力的手抓住了网。根据“Mother Mountain suddenly…from nowhere”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少谓语动词，指山妈妈突然出现。故appeared“出现”符合语境。故选F。【25题详解】句意：那人转过身来，惊讶地看着她。根据“The man turned and looked at her…”及备选词汇可知，此处指男人惊讶地看着山妈妈。故in surprise“惊讶地”符合语境。故选D。【26题详解】句意：“为了给我的孩子们弄肉吃，”那人说。根据“You can’t kill any animals”及备选词汇可知，get后缺少宾语，男人猎杀动物是为了吃肉。故meat“肉”符合语境。故选D。【27题详解】句意：环境对你我都很重要！根据“The environment is… for you and me!”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少表语，指环境很重要。故important“重要的”符合语境。故选A。【28题详解】句意：那人昏昏沉沉地倒在地上。根据“The man…in a deep sleep.”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少谓语，指男人倒在了地上。故fell to the ground“倒在地上”符合语境。故选E。【29题详解】句意：熊摸了摸山妈妈，发出了柔和的声音。根据“The bear touched Mother Mountain and…It seemed to be saying”及备选词汇可知，and连接并列成分，此处缺少谓语，指熊发出了声音。故made a soft noise“发出柔和的声音”符合语境。故选B。【30题详解】句意：他只看到了森林和里面的动物是多么美丽。根据“He only saw how…the forest and its animals were”及备选词汇可知，此处缺少形容词，指森林和里面的动物很美丽。故beautiful“美丽的”符合语境。故选C。B.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Hi Alice,How are you? I want to tell you about my trip to the city space museum two days ago. I have never been there before, so I was ____31____ (excite)! I was taking care of my little sister and she was bored so I said, “We are going on an ___32___ (usual) experience!”When we arrived, we started to explore (探索). The space museum is very large and full of interesting and exciting objects ____33____ (touch). The first room you enter looks like deep space. There is information about different planets with a quiz (知识竞赛) at the end. The ____34____ (win) has a chance to invent a name for a planet—that’s exciting, isn’t it? The ____35____ (two) room looks like the inside of a spaceship. You can touch an astronaut’s spacesuit (宇航服). It looks really heavy! I don’t know how an astronaut can wear it. It looks a little old. I don’t know when it ____36____ (make), either. And you can see where the astronauts prepare their food. Did you know they use a knife, fork and spoon to eat? I didn’t. I thought it was all in bags.We were looking at the oven from the spaceship when my sister ____37____ (tell) me she was hungry. So we went to have a snack. They were preparing a pizza (比萨饼) in the restaurant and the smell of food always makes me hungry so we had a piece of pizza! It was delicious. While we ____38____ (eat) a pizza, they were baking (烘焙) biscuits, so we ate some. Don’t worry! We have bought some ____39____ you—you will love them! They look like rockets and taste like honey!After lunch, we explored more of the museum ____40____ stayed for the rest of the day. They were turning off the lights when we left!Have you ever been to a museum? See you soon!Helen【答案】31. excited 32. unusual 33 to touch 34. winner 35. second 36. was made 37. told 38. were eating 39. for 40. and【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，海伦向爱丽丝介绍了自己前两天去城市航天博物馆的经历。【31题详解】句意：我以前从来没有去过那里，所以我很兴奋！excite“使兴奋”，动词。此处应用形容词excited“兴奋的”，作表语，修饰人。故填excited。【32题详解】句意：我们要去经历一次不同寻常的经历！usual“通常的”，形容词。结合空前冠词an及文章内容可知，此处指一次不寻常的经历。unusual“不寻常的”，作定语修饰名词。故填unusual。【33题详解】句意：太空博物馆非常大，充满了有趣和令人兴奋的可以触摸的物体。touch“触摸”，动词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语修饰名词objects，指可以触摸的物体。故填to touch。【34题详解】句意：获胜者有机会为一颗行星发明一个名字——这很令人兴奋，不是吗？win“赢得”，动词。此处缺少主语，应用名词形式winner“获胜者”，结合“has”可知，用单数形式。故填winner。【35题详解】句意：第二个房间看起来像宇宙飞船的内部。two“二”，基数词。room是单数，此处指第二个房间，应用序数词second表顺序。故填second。【36题详解】句意：我也不知道它是什么时候制作的。make“制作”，动词。it指宇航服，与动词之间存在被动关系，且制作宇航服这件事发生在过去，应为一般过去时。主语it指第三人称单数，故用be动词was，make用其过去分词。故填was made。【37题详解】句意：我们从宇宙飞船上看烤箱的时候，我妹妹告诉我她饿了。tell“告诉”，动词。此处是含when引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句动作发生时，主句动作正在进行，指妹妹说她饿了的时候，我们正在……。主句是过去进行时，从句应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填told。【38题详解】句意：当我们吃披萨的时候，他们在烤饼干，所以我们吃了一些。eat“吃”，动词。此处是含while引导的时间状语从句的复合句，从句是过去进行时，结构是was/were doing，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were eating。【39题详解】句意：我们给你买了一些——你会喜欢的！此处是buy sth. for sb.“给某人买某物”。故填for。【40题详解】句意：午饭后，我们探索了更多的博物馆，并在那里待了一天。“explored more of the museum”和“stayed for the rest of the day”之间是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。四、阅读表达 (共5小题；每小题2分，计10分).阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。After a game like football, the players might get an X-ray in the hospital if they hurt their legs or arms. A dentist can use X-rays to look at teeth. And airport workers use an X-ray machine to check objects before a plane leaves. Nowadays, X-ray technology is widely used in medicine and other fields.X-rays were first discovered by a German scientist, Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen (1845 –1923). He found them quite by accident in 1895. One day, he discovered that an unknown kind of radiation (放射线) could hardly pass through hard objects like bones (骨头). Later, Rntgen took a photo of his wife’s hand. It clearly showed her ring and her bones. That was the first X-ray photo in the world.Why is there an “X” in the word X-ray? It’s because Rntgen couldn’t explain exactly how it worked. He just knew that X-rays were new and useful for science. In fact, X-rays soon became an important tool in medicine. With the help of X-rays, doctors could see inside the human body for the first time without surgery (外科手术).Rntgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖) in physics in 1901 for his discovery. When he was asked what he was thinking at the moment of discovery, he replied, “I didn’t think, I investigated (研究).” Rntgen gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university. And he never took out any patents (专利权) on X-rays, to make sure that the world could freely make use of his discovery.41. Where is X-ray technology used?________________________________________________________________42. When were X-rays discovered?________________________________________________________________43. Whose hand was in the first X-ray photo?________________________________________________________________44. Why did Rntgen name the ray “X-ray”?________________________________________________________________45. What do you think of Rntgen? And why?________________________________________________________________【答案】41. In medicine and other fields. 42. In 1895. 43. Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen’s wife. 44. Because he couldn’t explain exactly how it worked. 45. I think he is selfless. Because he gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university. And he never took out any patents on X-rays, to make sure that the world could freely make use of his discovery.【解析】【导语】本文介绍了科学家Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen如何发现的X射线以及X射线的应用领域等。【41题详解】根据“Nowadays, X-ray technology is widely used in medicine and other fields.”可知，它被广泛应用于医学和其他领域。故填In medicine and other fields.【42题详解】根据“He found them quite by accident in 1895.”可知，X射线于1895年被发现。故填In 1895.【43题详解】根据“Later, Rntgen took a photo of his wife’s hand…That was the first X-ray photo in the world.”可知，第一张X光照片中的手是Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen的妻子的。故填Wilhelm Conrad Rntgen’s wife.【44题详解】根据“Why is there an ‘X’ in the word X-ray? It’s because Rntgen couldn’t explain exactly how it worked.”可知，因为Rntgen无法准确解释它是如何工作的，所以给其命名为“X-ray”。故填Because he couldn’t explain exactly how it worked.【45题详解】根据“Rntgen gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university. And he never took out any patents (专利权) on X-rays, to make sure that the world could freely make use of his discovery.”可知，Rntgen把他的诺贝尔奖金捐给了他的大学。而且他从未为X射线申请过任何专利，以确保世界可以自由地利用他的发现，故可知他是一个无私的人。故填I think he is selfless. Because he gave away his Nobel Prize money to his university. And he never took out any patents on X-rays, to make sure that the world could freely make use of his discovery.五、补全对话 (共4小题；68小题2分，其它每小题1分，计5分)阅读下面对话，在每个空白处填入一个适当的句子，使对话完整，合乎情境。M = Meimei T =Tourist(Meimei meets a foreign tourist in a wheelchair (轮椅) outside a hotel in Beijing. )M: It’s sunny and warm, isn’t it?T: Yes, it is. I hope tomorrow will be fine, too.M: Are you new here?T: That’s right I’ve always dreamed of visiting China. I’ve been to Shanghai before I came here.M: Oh! It’s a little far from Shanghai to Beijing. ________46________?T: I came here by plane.M: How do you manage in your wheelchair?T: I seldom have any difficulties in China. Many people offer to help me. Many places have special facilities (设施) for welcoming disabled people.M: Do you think Shanghai is a great city?T:________47________. Shanghai is an international city. I like it very much.M: So do I. You said that you hoped it would be fine tomorrow. Where are you going to visit?T: I’m going out to Tian’anmen Square and a Beijing Hutong.M: Sounds good. What are you going to do there?T:________48________.M: Great. As far as I know, you shouldn’t have any problems.T: I hope so. Thank you!M: It’s a pleasure. I need to catch the bus. ________49________?T: A quarter past sevenM: Oh dear! I must go. Have a good day!【答案】46. How did you come here 47. Yes, I think so 48. I’m going to see the raising of the national flag and take photos 49. What time is it【解析】【导语】本文是梅梅和一位外国游客之间的对话，外国游客介绍了自己的中国行以及在北京的旅行计划。【46题详解】根据“I came here by plane.”可知，此处询问来这里的交通方式，用How提问，时态是一般过去时。故“你怎么来的这儿”符合语境。故填How did you come here。【47题详解】根据“Do you think Shanghai is a great city?”及“Shanghai is an international city. I like it very much.”可知，外国游客认为上海是一座很棒的城市。故“是的，我认为是”符合语境。故填Yes, I think so。【48题详解】根据“I’m going out to Tian’anmen Square and a Beijing Hutong.”及“What are you going to do there?”可知，梅梅询问外国游客去天安门和胡同做什么。此处是一般将来时，可以回答看升旗、拍照等。故“我要去看升国旗并拍照”符合语境。故填I’m going to see the raising of the national flag and take photos。【49题详解】根据“A quarter past seven”可知，梅梅询问现在是几点了。故“现在几点”符合语境。故填What time is it。六、书面表达 (计15分)50. 假定你是李平，请根据该邮件内容，用英语给Eric回复。Hi Li Ping,You mentioned your dream job in your last letter. I’m really interested in it. Why did you choose it? What/Who influenced you to make the decision? Tell me your experience, please. I look forward to hearing from you soon!Eric要求：1.词数不少于80，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。Dear Eric,Thanks for your e-mail. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Li Ping【答案】例文Dear Eric,Thanks for your e-mail. I’m very glad to tell you something about my dream job. I have dreamed of being a teacher since I was a child, because I think teaching is a sacred profession and I enjoy staying with children. Besides, I want to be a teacher because of the power of an example—Miss Li, my English teacher. She often helps me with my English, and influences me a lot. I still remember that once I failed in an important English exam and was upset. She cheered me up and told me some good ways to improve my English. With her help, I made great progress in English. I have made up my mind to be a good teacher like her when I grow up. Although I know it is not easy to be a teacher, I will redouble my efforts to realize my dream.Best wishes!Li Ping【解析】【详解】[总体分析]题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”；提示：根据邮件内容进行回复，从中提炼写作要点，注意不要有遗漏，适当发挥，使上下文连贯。[写作步骤]第一步，表明写作意图。告知对方为什么选择成为老师；第二步，具体阐述写作内容。介绍选择成为老师的原因及对自己影响最深的人或事；第三步，书写结语。表明成为老师的决心，并表达祝愿。[亮点词汇]be glad to乐于……the power of an example榜样的力量fail in在……方面失败cheer sb up使某人振作起来make up one’s mind to do sth.下定决心做某事[高分句型]I have dreamed of being a teacher since I was a child, because I think teaching is a sacred profession and I enjoy staying with children.（since引导的时间状语从句，because引导的原因状语从句）I have made up my mind to be a good teacher like her when I grow up.（when引导的时间状语从句）Although I know it is not easy to be a teacher, I will redouble my efforts to realize my dream.（although引导的让步状语从句）