绝密启用并使用完毕前
英语试题 2024.11
（本试卷共 12 页，共四部分；全卷满分 150 分，考试用时 120 分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号
涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 非选择题的作答：用 0.5mm 黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写
在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的
答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出
最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每
段对话仅读一遍。
1. What do we know about Tom?
A. He plays drums in a band.
B. He loves playing the guitar.
C. He’s just finished a piano lesson.
2. Where are the speakers probably?
A. At a caf. B. At a university. C. At an animal shelter.
3. How can the man’s recipe be described?
A. It’s a reward. B. It’s a success. C. It’s a problem.
4. What do the speakers have in common?
A. They are both big readers.
B. They are both in the library.
C. They both have just finished a book.
5. What is the woman’s duty in the event?
A. To make food. B. To play in the band. C. To give directions.
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第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒
钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Why was it difficult to rescue the cat?
A. It was in the top of a tree.
B. It was too scared to move.
C. It was hurt by the branches.
7. What did the man do to rescue the cat?
A. He climbed the tree.
B. He borrowed a ladder.
C. He got a neighbor to help him.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What is the woman doing?
A. Conducting an interview.
B. Reporting financial news.
C. Organizing a community event.
9. What is Charles Martin’s family mainly worried about?
A. That his health condition will become worse.
B. That his duties at home and school will be affected.
C. That his efforts in the community won’t be recognized.
10. How does Charles Martin plan to remove his family’s concerns?
A. By talking to his teacher.
B. By quitting the community project.
C. By involving his family in community work.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What are the speakers?
A. Football fans. B. A player and a coach. C. TV sports reporters.
12. What causes the current situation of the game according to the man?
A. Certain players. B. Poor passing. C. Bad defense.
13. What does the woman think will happen at the end of the game?
A. The visiting team will win.
B. The game will end in a draw.
C. The home team will win by two goals.
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听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. What is the main topic of the conversation?
A. The working life. B. College experience. C. Hobbies.
15. How long has the man been at university?
A. About four months. B. About six months. C. About eight months.
16. What is the biggest issue for the man?
A. The stress of exams.
B. The shortage of money.
C. The loads of assignments.
17. When does the man find time to relax?
A. On weekends.
B. Right after exams.
C. During the nights after work.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. How did the speaker become a photographer in demand?
A. By taking small jobs.
B. By starting a business.
C. By teaching in workshops.
19. What challenge did the speaker face?
A. Constantly changing hobbies.
B. Decreased interest in photography.
C. The stress of producing perfect work.
20. What is included in the speaker’s future plans for his career?
A. Expanding the business.
B. Taking photography trips abroad.
C. Finding out more forms of photography.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Libraries have been some of the world’s greatest institutions of knowledge for thousands
of years. Here, let’s know some of the world’s famous libraries.
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Morgan Library & Museum
This library was formed in 1906 to hold the collection of the banker J.P. Morgan. Items of
special prominence (突出) in Morgan’s collection include original manuscripts, works by Sir
Walter Scott, and drawings by masterful artists like Picasso and Michelangelo. The library was
made a public institution in 1924 by J.P. Morgan’s son John Pierpont Morgan Jr.
Bodleian Library
Established in 1602, Bodleian, the main research library of the University of Oxford, is
one of the oldest libraries in Europe, housing many individual printed books, like the rare first
edition of Don Quixote, and the first modern novel (1604).
Shanghai Library
Shanghai Library is China’s largest public library with a collection of more than 50
million items. It merged ( 合 并 ) with the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of
Shanghai in 1995, becoming the first library in China to offer extensive research functions.
National Library of China
This library was initially founded as the Imperial Peking Library in 1909 and renamed the
National Library of China (NLC) in 1999. With over 41 million items by December 2020, it is
not only the country’s main collection for the nation’s publications, but also is China’s national
museum of ancient books. It’s reported that this library has about 280,000 volumes of rare
books, which include over 1,600 rare works from the Song and Yuan Dynasties.
21. What made Morgan Library & Museum a public institution?
A. The request of the public.
B. J.P. Morgan’s decision in 1906.
C. The collection of valuable items.
D. John Pierpont Morgan Jr.’s efforts.
22. Which library best suits people interested in scientific material?
A. Bodleian Library.
B. Shanghai Library.
C. National Library of China.
D. Morgan Library & Museum.
23. What do we know about National Library of China?
A. It houses numerous rare books from ancient times.
B. It has fewer than 41 million literary works by 2020.
C. It is mainly for collecting international publications.
D. It was founded as the National Library of China in 1909.
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B
What could driving a race car and pointing a camera at the Milky Way have in common?
More than you might imagine. Race car driver Bubba Wallace and photographer Batak Tefreshi
journeyed together to remote Gooseberry Mesa for an adventure aiming to capture the night
sky.
Gooseberry Mesa, far from population centers, is protected from the night-time artificial
light, making it perfect for star photographers. Nature night environments such as this are rare.
Camping, hiking, and shooting stars in mountainous Mesa highlight the similarity between
photography and racing. Bubba notes, “Once you fire up the engine there’s no turning back—I
know I’ll be in that seat for more than three hours.” Batak agrees, “I have the same feeling as
soon as I touch the wheel of my camera—I’m ready to continue through the entire night.” For
Bubba, developing patience allowed him to mature as a driver and is equally essential to his
photography.
Seizing the moment is crucial too. “Every minute things are changing—the Earth’s
shadow, the moonlight, the rise of stars,” Batak explains. “If you lose the moment, it’s gone
forever.” Bubba finds the physical and mental demands of racing as crucial when travelling in
Utah’s rugged landscapes under freezing temperatures.
Think incoming clouds, wind, or mist will ruin your chance at a perfect shot? According
to Batak, “With wide-angle nightscapes every unexpected weather condition can be an
opportunity. Our photos show oranges and blues around the moon you wouldn’t see under a
clear sky.”
The team discovered shared interests that go beyond photography. “We’re both passionate
about bringing cultures together and using our work to break down boundaries,” says Batak.
“The night sky has a unifying power. The sky connects the whole world under one umbrella.”
24. Why is Gooseberry Mesa an ideal destination for star photographers?
A. It’s a popular tourist spot.
B. It’s located near a large city.
C. It’s free from light pollution.
D. It’s easily accessible to a race car.
25. In what way is photography similar to racing according to the text?
A. They require patience and timing.
B. They depend on advanced equipment.
C. They involve travelling to remote places.
D. They simply need to meet physical challenges.
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26. What does Batak Tefreshi think of unexpected weather conditions?
A. They make the night sky inviting.
B. They are obstacles to be overcome.
C. They are chances for better pictures.
D. They stop him from touching the wheel.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Passion for Discovering Cultures
B. Journey to Shooting the Night Sky
C. Advocacy of Environmental Protection
D. Charm of the Night Sky in Gooseberry Mesa
C
Mom always said, “Choose your friends wisely.” Now a study led by a Rutgers Health
professor shows she was onto something: Their personality traits can affect you—especially
ones that are in their genes.
The genetic make-up of adolescent peers may have long-term consequences for individual
risk of drug and alcohol use disorders, depression and anxiety, the groundbreaking study has
found. “What our data illustrates is the long reach of social genetic effects,” said Jessica E.
Salvatore, an associate professor of psychiatry at the Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical
School and lead author of the study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry.
Socio-genomics—the influence of one person’s genotype on the observable traits of
another—is an emerging field of genomics. Previous research suggested that peers’ genetic
make-up might influence health outcomes of their friends. To test this, Salvatore and her
colleagues used Swedish national data to assess peer social genetic effects for several mental
disorders.
With an anonymized ( 匿 名 的 ) database of more than 1.5 million individuals born in
Sweden between 1980 and 1998 to Swedish-born parents, the first step was to map individuals
by location and by school during their teenage years. The researchers then used medical,
pharmacy and legal registries documenting substance use and mental health disorders for the
same individuals in adulthood.
Having controlled factors such as the target individuals’ own genetic tendencies and
family socio-economic factors, the researchers still found a clear association between peers’
genetic tendencies and target individuals’ likelihood of developing a substance use or mental
disorder. The impacts were stronger among school-based peers than geographically defined
peers.
Salvatore said more research is needed to understand why these connections exist. But
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what is clear, she said, is that the findings count for interventions. “If we want to think about
how to best address these socially costly disorders, we need to think more about network-based
and social interventions,” she said.
This research also underlines the importance of disrupting processes and risks that extend
for at least a decade after attendance in school, Salvatore added. “Peer genetic influences have
a very long reach,” she said.
28. What does the data of Salvatore’s research show?
A. You should listen to your parent’s advice.
B. Peers are to blame for your mental diseases.
C. Peers’ make-up is the most influential factor.
D. Peers’ personality will affect you in the long run.
29. Why did Salvatore and her colleagues conduct the research?
A. They were concerned with health outcomes of adolescents.
B. They accessed an anonymized database of peers’ influence.
C. They worried about severe cases of peers’ mental disorders.
D. They intended to check former research on socio-genomics.
30. What can we learn from paragraph 5?
A. Target individuals were easily affected in the school.
B. Family socio-economic factors made for the findings.
C. Genetic make-up had nothing to do with mental disorder.
D. Target individuals were unlikely to suffer substance uses.
31. What is Salvatore’s suggestion on interventions?
A. Letting go of social genetic effects after 10 years.
B. Digging into why school-based connections exist.
C. Persisting in the removal of the negative influence.
D. Highlighting the risks that would extend for a long time.
D
The world is already facing natural disasters of epic proportions as temperatures rise. The
only known method able to quickly arrest this temperature rise is climate engineering, which is
a set of proposed actions to deliberately alter the climate.
These actions include imitating the cooling effects of large volcanic eruptions by putting
large amounts of reflective particles (微粒) in the atmosphere, or making low clouds over the
ocean brighter. Both strategies would reflect a small amount of sunlight back to space to cool
the planet.
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There are many unanswered questions, however, about the effects of intentionally altering
the climate. One of the largest concerns for many countries is national security. That doesn’t
just mean wars; risks to food, energy and water supplies are national security issues.
Besides, a climate engineering project in one country is likely to affect temperature and
rainfall in neighboring countries. That could be good or bad for crops, water supplies and flood
risk. Once climate engineering is employed, countries may be more likely to blame climate
engineering for extreme events such as hurricanes, floods and droughts, regardless of the
evidence.
While small experiments have been carried out, nobody has conducted large-scale climate
engineering yet. That means that a lot of information about its effects relies on climate models.
For now, there are more questions about climate engineering than answers. It’s hard to say
whether climate engineering would create more conflict, or if it could defuse international
tensions by reducing climate change.
But international decisions on climate engineering are likely coming soon. At the United
Nations Environment Assembly in March 2024, African countries called for a postponement of
climate engineering, urging all precaution. Other nations, including the United States, pressed
for a formal scientific group to study the risks and benefits before making any decisions.
Climate engineering could be part of a reasonable solution to climate change. But it also
carries risks. Put simply, climate engineering is a technology that can’t be ignored, but more
research is needed so policymakers can make informed decisions.
32. What does the underlined word “arrest” in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Force. B. Cease. C. Adopt. D. Match.
33. What do we know about climate engineering?
A. It aims at reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
B. It reflects a small amount of sunlight back to the earth.
C. It includes actions that copy the natural cooling effects.
D. It mainly uses reflective particles to create brighter clouds.
34. What has led to concerns about climate engineering?
A. Climate models. B. Weather conditions.
C. Unidentified effects. D. Geographical locations.
35. What does the author imply in the last two paragraphs?
A. Progress has been made in international cooperation.
B. Precaution is a better solution than climate engineering.
C. Different regions will embrace climate engineering altogether.
D. Follow-up studies are required to carry out climate engineering.
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第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项
为多余选项。
Walk through any park or glance in a caf window, and you’ll see many people staring at
screens. Some might be studying, while others seem hard at work. 36 They will either
check updates about celebrities or edit photos, post them to gain followers and count views and
comments.
It’s no secret that celebrities edit their images before posting. Some go to extreme lengths,
making their eyes bigger, their nose smaller and their teeth whiter. It’s so easy for you to
get caught up in a whirlwind (旋风) of comparison as you stare at a seemingly perfect
figure. 37 No matter how many views or likes you have, if you get trapped in a
competitive mindset, it can turn into a bottomless pit because there will always be someone
who has received more positive responses.
38 Even if it seems the rest of the world isn’t showing their true selves, you can be
different. Make your social media channels a reflection of who you are and what you believe in.
Share your real, kind voice with the rest of the world, just as you do at home and with friends.
While maintaining your social contact online, give time and attention to people doing
inspiring things, spreading uplifting messages and sharing beautiful ideas. 39
If social media makes you full of self-doubt, pause and step away. You could try doing
something creative, maybe writing in a diary, drawing in a sketchbook or painting a picture that
will give your mind a different focus. 40 They will remind you there is a wonderful
off-screen world in difference.
A. Try to be authentic.
B. Fit yourself into social media.
C. You could also think of fun times spent with net friends.
D. Even better, try spending time with your family or friends.
E. However, most of them will be found going through social media.
F. If someone’s posts make you feel bad about yourself, click unfollow or hide.
G. One minute you feel great about yourself, the next you question your appearance.
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第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳
选项。
My husband and I had a lovely dinner at a local restaurant and then took a stroll through
the near shopping center. We went into a shop that sold handcrafted 41 , hoping to find
some last-minute Christmas gifts. As we entered, the delightful scent of handmade soaps and
potpourri (百花香) 42 us.
Every shelf and wall was 43 with different handiwork. While exploring, I noticed
a wooden plaque (牌匾) on a wall. Immediately I was 44 by the message on it: “Life
isn’t about waiting for the storm to pass. It’s about learning to dance in the rain.”
This message held deep 45 for me. It made me think back to a hot and muggy
summer day. Dark clouds had 46 along the foothills of the Rockies, bringing rain. I
walked out to get my mail. I didn’t know what 47 me, but I suddenly felt forced to do
something a little 48 for my fifty-plus years.
I slipped off my shoes and stockings and began walking 49 through the water. My
neighbors might have thought I’d lost my 50 , but I didn’t care. In that moment, I
was 51 from the worries of bills, the future, and daily cares. I was experiencing a
gift—a pure and simple moment of 52 !
Now, the plaque hangs in my living room. I 53 it multiple times a day and often
pause to ask myself if I’m dancing in the rain.
I think I am. I know I try to. I’m definitely 54 to taking time to pause and
recognize and be grateful for the 55 around me—the joys that were too often going
unnoticed in my rush to future happiness. One step at a time, I am learning to dance in the rain!
41. A. items B. forms C. ingredients D. contents
42. A. choked B. followed C. greeted D. stuck
43. A. equipped B. loaded C. covered D. marked
44. A. surprised B. guarded C. occupied D. struck
45. A. belief B. meaning C. affection D. concern
46. A. quitted B. rolled C. paced D. dropped
47. A. came over B. went after C. arranged for D. catered to
48. A. comfortable B. horrible C. crazy D. reasonable
49. A. aimlessly B. hard C. barefoot D. slowly
50. A. balance B. mind C. nerve D. temper
51. A. absent B. remote C. separate D. free
52. A. joy B. silence C. glory D. reflection
53. A. pass by B. rely on C. keep to D. long for
54. A. opposed B. accustomed C. committed D. addicted
55. A. opportunities B. belongings C. surroundings D. blessings
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