湖南师大附中2025届高三10月月考（二）-英语试题+答案

湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷(二)英语第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 AThe Virgin Islands National Park is a tropical(热带的)paradise on the island of St. John,which covers more than half of the small island.It is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south,where the climate is warm all year.The island's white sand beaches and clear blue seas are considered to be among the most beautiful in the Caribbean,gaining reputation and popularity among visitors across the world.How the national park was formedLaurence Rockefeller was an American millionaire,businessman and conservationist.He visited St.John in the 1950s. He quickly fell in love with the island's clean,pure beauty.He first purchased a small resort there, Caneel Bay. He also purchased more than 2,000 hectares of the island and donated it to the government.That donation created the U.S.Virgin Islands National Park.It was officially opened as a national park on December 1,1956.How to get to the parkThe only way to reach the park is by boat.Some people arrive on their own sailboats.Others come in on large cruise ships.Visitors also arrive on water taxis from the island of St.Thomas.What to do at the parkFrom the tropical hills to the blue watersthere are many things to do at the Virgin Islands National Park.Visitors enjoy fishing,camping,sailing,scuba diving, snorkeling (浮潜),and bird watching.Of all of the park's beaches,Trunk Bay Beach is said to be the most striking.Below the clear blue water is a 200-meter snorkeling path. Hawksnest Beach is also a popular place for snorkeling.Near the shore are three small reefs of Elkhorn Coral.The Elkhorn Coral gets its name from its shape.The reef looks similar to the huge horns(角)of an animal called elk.It is a very rare kind of reef.Scientists say it is in danger of becoming extinct.The Virgin Islands National Park is often called America's paradise.It protects St. John's pristine nature,and preserves the record of human history in the Caribbean.Don't hesitate! Come here and put yourself in the paradise!1. What is most likely attractive to tourists when they visit the Virgin Islands National Park?A. Its tropical climate.B. Its location.C. Its beautiful scenery.D. Its activity.2. What can we learn about the Virgin Islands National Park?A. An animal called elk is at risk of becoming dying out.B. Visitors can choose any means of transportation to get to the park.C Laurence's donation greatly contributed to the foundation of the park.D. There is a 200-meter snorkeling path beneath the water of the Hawksnest Beach.3. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A speech script.B. A travel brochure.C. An academic essay.D. A geographic journal.BBoeing’s Starliner spacecraft landed in a New Mexico desert late on Friday,months after its original departure date and without the two astronauts it carried when it launched in early June.The Nasa astronauts Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore should have flown the Starliner back to Earth in June, a week after launching in it.But thruster (推进器) failures and helium (氦气) leaks marred their ride. Instead, they will remain at the International Space Station (ISS) for the rest of the year and will return in February aboard the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft.Nasa ultimately decided it was too risky to return Williams and Wilmore on the Starliner. So the capsule contains their empty seats and blue spacesuits along with some old station equipment.After Nasa’s space shuttles were retired more than a decade ago, Nasa hired Boeing and SpaceX for orbital (轨道的) taxi service. Boeing ran into so many problems on its first test flight with no one onboard in 2019 that it had to repeat it. The 2022 do-over uncovered even more flaws and the repair bill topped $1.5bn.The Starliner finally blasted into space on 5 June from Florida’s Cape Canaveral Space Force Station after unsuccessful launches on 6 May and 1 June. On the first launch attempt,a problem was found with a valve (阀门) on the second stage,or upper portion, of the rocket. On the second,a computer tripped an automatic hold just three minutes and 50 seconds from liftoff. That was later attributed to a single ground power supply fault within one of the launch control computers.Even after it successfully launched,helium leaks continued to trouble the spacecraft. As the Starliner approached the ISS, two leaks were detected but Nasa determined the spacecraft remained stable. What started as an eight-day mission dragged on for three months after the leaks and faulty thrusters raised safety concerns.However, Nasa and Boeing officials insisted that the astronauts were not trapped and that the technical difficulties did not threaten the mission. “We’ll come home when we’re ready,” Steve Stich, Nasa’s commercial crew program manager, said in the press conference in July.4. What does the underlined word “marred” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Underwent.B. Stimulated.C. Facilitated.D. Blocked.5. What do we know about Boeing’s spacecraft launches?A. They were filled with delays and setbacks.B. Starliner’s initial launch went smoothly.C. The 2019 manned spaceflight was a failureD. Reasons of the problems were still unidentified.6. Why didn’t the two astronauts come back to Earth on time?A. Because the project went over the original budget.B. Because they were both in serious health conditions.C. Because it was dangerous to take the Starliner then.D. Because Nasa officials failed to reach an agreement.7. What can be implied according to the last two paragraphs?A. The two astronauts would come back soon.B. Officials considered the situation within control.C. Nasa officials were pessimistic and pressed.D. The mission would be completed in 3 months.CActor Alicia Silverstone worried fans on social media recently. While on a trip to England, she posted a TikTok video of herself tasting a kind of poisonous berries she found along a sidewalk. Silverstone, who appeared in the 1995 movie Clueless, said she thought the fruit was a tomato. But when she bit into it and found that it had an unusual taste, she realized that it was not the common food.Plant expert, Jessica Damiano, recently wrote about poisonous plants that look like common foods for the Associated Press. She said the fruit that looked like a tomato appears to have been a Jerusalem cherry.Often sold as a houseplant, all parts of the Jerusalem cherry are poisonous.The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals says the plant is not only harmful to humans but also to dogs, cats and horses.Eating large amounts can be deadly. Silverstone was lucky because she did not swallow the berries. She was also lucky because the berries were reddish orange, which meant they were ripe. While all parts of the Jerusalem cherry are poisonous, the plant’s unripe berries can be especially dangerous.They can cause problems with the central nervous and gastrointestinal (肠胃的) systems.The Jerusalem cherry is not the only toxic plant that looks like a safe one.The poisonous Carolina horsenettle fruit also looks like a tomato. It is also known as devil’s potato to add to the confusion.The Virginia creeper fruit also looks like blueberries, and it can be deadly if eaten.Wild parsnip has flowers like a carrot and leaves like parsley (欧芹). Simply touching it can cause a skin problem. Creeping buttercup looks like flat-leaf parsley. It can cause severe stomach pain,vomiting (呕吐) and heart problems. And Canadian moonseed can be confused with wild grape. However, its taste is so bitter that you would likely spit it out before swallowing it. This is a good thing because eating it can lead to death.If you think you have swallowed a toxic plant by mistake, contact a poison control center in your area or your doctor immediately. There is additional information on the website poison.org.Damiano advises using common sense with plants you find in the wild. If you are not completely sure that something is food, do not eat it.8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To present the author’s argument.B. To introduce the topic of the article.C. To raise the public’s attention of wild plants.D. To popularize the knowledge of medical science.9. Why was Silverstone thought to be fortunate?A. The berries she had a bite were ripe.B. She found the fruit she ate was a tomato.C. She had a good knowledge of wild plants.D. The amount of the berries she consumed was large.10. According to the description,what plants can be most harmful to people?A. Carolina horsenettle and wild parsnip.B Virginia creeper and creeping buttercup.C. Wild parsnip and Canadian moonseed.D. Canadian moonseed and Virginia creeper.11. What may be the suitable measure if someone mistakenly swallows a poisonous plant?A. Spitting it out as quickly as possible.B. Making an appointment with their doctor.C. Getting in touch with the local authority instantly.D. Searching for the relevant information on the Internet.DSuperhuman artificial intelligence has played a role in our life. When it comes to playing games like chess, or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of humans. But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering:mind reading.We are blessed with a mysterious ability to reason the goals,desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate other people’s actions and the consequences of our own.If AIs are to become truly useful in everyday life — to cooperate effectively with us or to understand that a child might run into the road after a bouncing ball — we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other people's minds.In psychology, the ability to infer another’s mental state is referred to as theory of mind. In humans, this capacity develops at a very young age. How to reproduce the capability in machines is far from clear, though.One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude the answer is no. But this requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences.Besides, whether humans or AI, the theory of mind is supposed to emerge naturally from one’s own learning process. Building prior knowledge into AI makes it reliant on our imperfect understanding of theory of mind.In addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be many forms of theory of mind that we don’t know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain types of senses and a certain ability to think.But we might still want AI to have a more human-like form of theory of mind. Humans can clearly explain their goals to each other using common language and ideas. While letting AI form the theory of mind in their learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI,plainly building in shared ways to represent knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI.It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines.Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen. But along the way thinking about other people and other agents, we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves.12. According to the passage,which of the following contexts can AI understand well?A. When asked where an object is, a naughty kid points in the wrong direction.B. When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework,he answers “my dog ate it” .C. When you are treated with a hotpot for dinner, you reply “a sore throat” .D. When a mom tells her kid milk is good for health, the kid drinks it up.13. Which statement will the author agree with most about theory of mind?A. Humans’ theory of mind is far from perfect.B. Humans limit AI’s theory of mind to an extent.C. AI’s theory of mind development has been totally decoded.D. Shared forms of theory of mind result in more powerful AI.14. What is the author’s attitude toward truly self-aware machines?A. AmbiguousB. Conservative.C. Skeptical.D. Approving.15. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. AI’s Theory of Mind Will Define Our FutureB. AI with Its Own Theory of Mind Is ExpectedC. AI’s Theory of Mind — a Blessing or Suffering to HumansD. Theory of Mind Bridges the Gap Between Humans and AI第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。Ensuring that your home is as energy-efficient as it can possibly be is essential.Take the steps listed below,and you'll be living in an energy-efficient home in no time.____16____ To stop it in its tracks,you must invest in having your house insulated(隔热 ).Taking such action may demand some cost in advance,but it will be sure to save you over f100 a year when it comes to your energy bills.The old boilers(锅炉)are not as energy-efficient as the very latest models in this field. ____17____ By investing in a top of the line boiler,you'll no doubt tap into a number of savings.What's more,making this kind of investment will also be sure to lower your home's carbon emissions.Only when you know how much energy you use can you take action to be less wasteful and more resourceful in this instance. ____18____ To assist you in taking on this extremely important challenge,you might want to consider fitting an energy monitor in your home. ____19____ But if you're lucky,your electricity provider will give you one for free.This monitor will provide you and your family with constant updates on the amount of energy you are using on a day-to-day basis.With just a few years to go until climate change alters earth forever,now is the time for you to play your part in protecting the planet that you live in. ____20____A. Generally,this type of device will cost between f25 and f40.B. It means you should try to keep track of energy consumption.C. The investment demanded in this case is of great significance.D. By putting the above advice into practice,you'll be green soon.E. Taking such action will help you adjust to climate change better.F. Most of your home's wasted energy will escape through your roof.G. It might be high time to update yours if you haven't done so for years第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Not long into my career in journalism,I realized I was in need of some slow, ____21____ adventure.The kind of fun that required little planning,zero stress and a lot of time. The kind of time you often didn't get in a ____22____.And that's when I ____23____ a secret.Washington,D.C.,the city where I live,is full of hidden fossils.In my overstimulated life,I began to____24____ fossils.Many of the local sites are within 80 miles south of the capital along the Potomac River,so fossil hunting____25____ removes me from the city.It is a visual game,requiring ____26____ and focus. Spotting recognizable shapes in the wild is like thinking over a broken ____27____ in the sediment(沉积物).Is it a tooth,a bone or a shell?I'm looking for the ____28____ end pieces.Thankfully,my____29____ phone service in these places holds back the rest of the world while I'm finding another one.And I know the fossils aren't demanding my _______30_______ attention because they have nothing but time.Once,I took a bottle-cap-sized trilobite(三叶虫)fossil into the newsroom and placed it within my sight.It was something I wanted to_______31_______ throughout the day. Turning over that piece of rock is a way to _______32_______ me outside for a moment and to a time before humans arrived and_______33_______ cities on top of those lands.Thinking about geological time makes me feel brief and remarkable,like the little trilobite.My worried mind _________34_________.I realize a lot of stressful details don't matter.My_______35_______ shifts.Maybe I don't need to take that phone call right this minute.21. A. dangerousB. low-riskC. historicalD. romantic22. A. houseB. carC. newsroomD. school23. A. revealedB. hidC. guardedD. discovered24. A. seekB. searchC. purchaseD. modify25. A. graduallyB. physicallyC. eventuallyD. typically26. A. patienceB. strengthC. trainingD. courage27. A. dreamB. imageC. resourceD. puzzle28. A. obviousB. expensiveC. rareD. impressive29. A. preciousB. conventionalC. poorD. clear30. A. scholarlyB. publicC. extraD. immediate31. A. avoidB. noticeC. introduceD. display32. A. touchB. holdC. seizeD. transport33. A. builtB. exploredC. conqueredD. found34. A. takes offB. settles downC. goes blankD. runs out35. A. standpointB. questionC. standardD. task第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Longmen Hydrological Station,which has a history of 90 years since its establishment in 1934,is the only hydrological station____36____ (locate)on the cliffs of the Yellow River.Providing hydrological information and data for various tasks,such as flood control,drought relief,disaster____37____ (reduce),reservoir operation,water resources allocation management and water conservancy project construction, ____38____ is a key national level hydrological station.The hanging crane box on the cable path across the Yellow River is the only way ____39____ (access)the station.As opposed ____40____ the traditional measurements such as testing the flows with a wooden boat,the current measurements are quite high-tech.The newly-used water level identification system can not only obtain the fluctuating water level information timely, but also generate it into data ____41____ (automatic).With an average age of 28,the staff ____42____ (work)at the station today are younger than those in previous years.In September 2019,ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin were made ____43____ major national strategy. Throughout the whole Yellow River basin145 hydrological stations ____44____ (distribute)along the watercourse.More than 2,000 hydrologists are giving full play to the role of “eyes and ears” _____45_____ guarding the Yellow River with responsibility and hard work.第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分)46. 假定你是李华, 你的英国笔友Mike所在的学校将开设汉语选修课。他来信咨询如何布置一间教室来营造良好的汉语学习氛围。请给他回信，提出建议并说明理由。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右。2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Mike, Greetings from China!________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Best wishes!Yours, Li Hua第二节 (满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oh no. Coach Cafferty just said my name. For that event. The two-hundred-metre breaststroke (蛙泳) for the coming meet! Not the backstroke (仰泳) I had wished and practiced for so long!Beads of sweat popped out over my upper lip. Morgan pressed her elbow into my side, trying to offer me moral support. But it didn’t help. My stomach sank to my knees like a brick in water. Morgan tried to convince me it would be fine. “Maybe Coach has more confidence in you than you think. Or maybe Coach Cafferty just want to give the rest a laugh when I sink to the bottom of the pool,” I thought desperately. I walked towards Coach Cafferty and told her about my inability and my desire to quit this event. She frowned and asked if it was what I really wanted.I hesitated. Placing her hand on my shoulder, she started smiling and encouraged me to push myself outside of my comfort zone.The first practice was a disaster. I lost rhythm on my strokes. I messed up my turns. I even had to stop and catch my breath a few times. I felt everyone was laughing at me and my stomach twisted. How could I make it within just two weeks? But once I dragged myself out of the water, exhausted and frustrated, Coach Cafferty thumbed up to me, saying I did really well and just needed more confidence in myself and more time to practice.On the way back home, Morgan comforted me, “Dear, just ignore others. Race against yourself. Count your own strokes. Prove to yourself that you can do it.” With these words said to me almost every day, before or after each practice, something gradually changed: both how I swam the breaststroke and how I felt about the event as well as myself.The meet finally came. I arrived at the pool hall, still a little bit worried. As each event clicked closer to mine, my knees shook. I bit my lip and looked out over the other swimmers. Morgan leaned forward. “Just swim your race. Remember, you can!”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1: Then the two-hundred-milestone breaststroke was announced._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:There was only 50 meters to go._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷(二) 英语参考答案题序123456789101112131415答案CBABBCCCAABCBCA题序161718192021222324252627282930答案CCBAACCBDACBBAD题序313233343536373839404142434445答案CDBDBFGBADBCDAB题序46474849505152535455答案ADCCDBDABA21.C 。 细节理解题。从文章第二段可知答案。 22.C 。 细节理解题。从文章第三段可知答案。23.B 。 推理判断题。从文章第一段和最后一段“Don't hesitate!Come here and put yourself in the paradise!”以及整 个篇章结构可推断出答案。24.D 。 根据上下文可知，因推进器故障和氦气泄漏，宇航员不能按原计划返回，只能暂时待在国际空间站。技术故障 阻碍了旅程，因此选 blocked。25.A 。 根据全文可知，波音的载人飞行任务历经波折，充满了延期和挫折。26.C。 根据第三段可知，宇航员没有顺利返程是因为宇航局最终确定如果宇宙飞船带他们一起返回太冒险了。27.B 。 根据“that the technical difficulties did not threaten the mission”及“We'll come home when we're ready”可知， 官员认为目前情况可控。28.B 。 推理判断题。从第二段以及第四、第五段可知作者写第一段的目的。 29.A 。 细节理解题。从第三段可得知答案。30.D 。 细节理解题。从倒数第三段可知，若吃了Canadian moonseed和Virginia creeper这两种植物的果实会导致死 亡，所以对人的伤害是最大的。31.C 。 细节理解题。从倒数第二段可知，“若发现自己误食了有毒植物，立即联系你所在区域的中毒控制中心或你的 医生。”故选C。32.D 。根据第二段可知，人类有一种神秘的能力来推理他人的目标、欲望和信仰，这是一项至关重要的技能，意味着我 们可以预测他人的行为和自己的后果。这种思维AI 还不具有。A、B、C都需要运用到心智理论去解释人们的目 标和欲望，而D 不需要。33.B 。 根据第四段可知，AI 接收的信息都是人类输入的，AI 已有的数据依赖于人类的思维，但是人类的心智理论本 就是不完美的。此外，人类本身的局限性导致自身的心智理论的受限。因此选择B项“人类在一定程度上限制了 人工智能的心智理论”。34.D 。 根据最后两段可知，作者支持开发具有心智理论的AI, 期待建造真正有自我意识的机器。35.B 。文章通过介绍心智理论这一心理学概念，论述了AI 虽然在推理方面远胜于人类，但还不具备完善的自我心智 理论。作者期待具有心智理论的机器，认为建造真正有自我意识的机器是迈向人工智能和机器人研究更深层目标 的垫脚石。因此选B 。A 选项中的“Define Our Future(定义人类未来)”太绝对；C 选项中的“a Blessing or Suffering”错，文章没有讨论对人类是好是坏；D 选项中的“Bridges the Gap Between”错，作者是希望AI 具有人类 一样的心智理论，不等于该理论消除两者间的隔阂。36.F 。 由下文“To stop it in its tracks,you must invest in having your house insulated(隔热的). (为了在它的路径上 阻止它，你必须投资让房子隔热。)”可知，这里指需要阻止房内热量外流。F 项“Most of your home's wasted energy will escape through your roof.”符合语境，下文 it指代选项中的wasted energy。故选F。37.G 。 由上文“The old boilers(锅炉)are not as energy-efficient as the very latest models in this field.(在这个领域， 旧锅炉的能效不如最新型号的。)”可知，旧锅炉更耗能，G 项“It might be high time to update yours if you haven't done so for years.(如果你已经多年没有更新自己的锅炉，现在可能是时候了。)”符合语境。故选G。38.B 。 由上文“Only when you know how much energy you use can you take action to be less wasteful and more resourceful in this instance.”可知，这里讲要了解自己用了多少能源。B 项“It means you should try to keep track of energy consumption.”符合语境，其中 keep track of energy consumption与上文know how much energy you use 对应。有承上作用。故选 B。39.A 。 由下文“But if you're lucky,your electricity provider will give you one for free.This monitor will provide you and your family with constant updates on the amount of energy you are using on a day-to-day basis.”推知，空处指 出监控的价格不是特别便宜，但如果运气好的话，电力供应商会免费提供。A 项“Generally,this type of device will cost between f25 and f40.”符合语境，其中f25 and f40与下文 for free 对应，都在讲花费在这设备上钱的 问题，所以本句有启下作用。故选A。40.D 。 由上文“With just a few years to go until climate change alters earth forever,now is the time for you to play your part in protecting the planet that you live in.”可知，作者号召读者保护地球，D 项 “By putting the above advice into practice,you'll be green soon.”符合语境，其中 the above advice指上面的建议，对上文有总结作用。 故选D。41.B 。 根据下文中的little planning 、zero stress,以及全文的描述可知，探寻化石之旅重要的是让作者的内心得到平 静，而low-risk 是最符合语境的。42.C 。 根据上文的journalism以及第三段第一句的 newsroom 可知。43.D 。 根据下句可知，作者“发现”了华盛顿到处都隐藏了化石这个秘密。44.A 。 根据下文的fossil hunting 、looking for可知，作者开始了“寻找”化石之旅。45.B 。上文说化石遗址离城市较远，所以需要离开城市去寻找。physically 最符合语境。46.A 。 根据下文的like thinking over…可知，在寻找化石的过程需要反复思考，需要“耐心”和专注。47.D 。 本句是个比喻句，把在野外发现可识别的化石形状比喻成像是……,只有puzzle“拼图”符合语境，意为“拼 图”,……像是对着在泥沙中的残缺拼图冥思苦想一样。48.C 。上文提到寻找化石的过程比较费力、耗时，由此推知，这些化石比较“稀有”。 49.C 。 根据下文的holds back the rest of the world可知，手机的信号“不好”。50.D 。根据下文的 they have nothing but time可知，化石有的是时间等待作者来找到它们，所以它们不需要作者“立 即的”关注。51.B 。 根据上文的and placed it within my sight可知，这块化石是作者整天想“关注”的事物。 52.D 。 翻看那块化石让作者的思绪暂时神游别处。53.A。 化石把作者带到了人类到达并“建造”城市之前的时光。54.B 。 根据下文“I realize a lot ofstressful details don't matter.”可知，作者意识到很多令人倍感压力的细节并不重 要，他担忧的心“平静了下来”。55.A 。 根据“I realize a lot of stressful details don't matter.”及“Maybe I don't need to take that phone call right thisminute.” 可知，此刻作者的“观点”发生了变化。 56.located 。考查非谓语动词，过去分词。57.reduction 。 考查动词名词词性转换。 58.it。考查代词。59.to access。考查非谓语动词，不定式。 60.to 。 考查介词。61.automatically 。 考查形容词副词词性转换。 62.working。考查非谓语动词，现在分词。63.a 。考查冠词。64.are distributed。考查谓语动词，被动语态。 65.and 。 考查连词。第四部分第一节【参考范文】Dear Mike,Greetings from China!Hearing that the Chinese language will be an optional course in your school,I'm writing delightedly to give some practical advice on the decoration of your classroom.As far as I'm concerned,to put up some unique traditional Chinese elements like paper-cuts and calligraphy works would be a good idea.Not only can they make the classroom more attractive and appealing,but they also carry rich Chinese cultural and historical information.Furthermore,you can put a bookshelf at the back of the classroom,where students can get easy access to the Chinese classics covering Chinese language and splendid culture as well.I hope these suggestions will be of some help and you will create an amazing Chinese learning atmosphere. Looking forward to your earliest reply!Best wishes!Yours sincerely, Li Hua一、评分要点主题：建议信时态：一般现在时为主 人称：以第一人称为主结构：第一段引出话题，提出问候，表明写信目的； 第二段提出具体建议并说明理由；第三段希望对方接受建议，表达祝愿并期盼来信。二、评分原则1.本题总分为15分，按五个档次进行评分。2.评分时，应主要从内容组织、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑，具体为：(1)对内容要点的覆盖情况以及表述的清楚程度和合理性；(2)使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性；(3)上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。3.评分时先根据其作答的整体情况初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后 给分。4.评分时还应注意：(1)词数少于60或多于100的，从总分中减去2分；(2)单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用 法均可接受；(3)书写较差以致影响交际的，将分数降低一个档次；(4)空白卷及完全抄袭给0分；(5)鼓励有难度的高级表达。三、各档次的给分范围和要求第五档(13—15分)*覆盖了所有内容要点，表述清楚、合理。*使用了多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有个别小错，但完全不影响理解。*有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，意义连贯。*完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档(10—12分)*覆盖了所有内容要点，表述比较清楚、合理。*使用了比较多样并且恰当的词汇和语法结构，可能有些许错误，但不影响理解。*比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。*达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档(7—9分)*覆盖了大部分内容要点，有个别地方表述不够清楚、合理。*使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有一些错误或不恰当之处，但基本不影响理解。*基本有效使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。*基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档(4—6分)*遗漏或未清楚表述一些内容要点，或一些内容与写作目的不相关。*所使用词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多，影响理解。*几乎不能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义不够连贯。*未能达到预期的写作目的。 第一档(1-3分)*遗漏或未清楚表述大部分内容要点，或大部分内容与写作目的不相关。*所使用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误很多，严重影响理解。*几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。*完全未达到预期的写作目的。零分：未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容与题目要求完全不相关。 第二节【参考范文】Then the two-hundred-milestonebreaststroke was announced. Heart thundding, I took my position. Barely had a whistle blown before I plunged into the water like an arrow.Initially,I couldn't focus on myself,with glances shot at other competitors from time to time.The racers on my both sides were so swift that they went ahead of me.Seized by tension,I laboured to accelerate but the distance between us got widened,anyhow.“Brush aside others.Just swim your race,”Morgan's words lingered in my head.I pushed my arms out and pulled in towards my chest,as well as kicked the legs out and pulled back.Gradually,I could feel nothing but my own rhythm.Before I knew it,I had Swum 150 metres.There was only 50 metres to go.However,My energy was giving out.My arms were on fire,my lungs were bursting and my legs were pillars of lead.“Prove to yourself that you can do it,”Morgan's words occupied my mind. I gritted my teeth and pushed myself forward until the wall came into sight.I slapped it with what little power I had left.I came in last.As I dragged myself out of the water,there exploded thunderous claps and cheers.Morgan dashed over,throwing her arms around me.Coach Cafferty cast a satisfied grin at me.Suddenly,I was burning with a sense of fulfillment.The two-hundred-milestone breaststroke's finish line was my new life's starting line—always race against myself.一、评分原则1.范文仅供参考，学生可用不同语言表达形式来表述。 2.本题总分为25分，按7个档次给分。3.评分时应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。 22分以上为非常优秀，18-21分为尚好(不很地道),15-17分为及格(有影响意义传达的地方),11-14分为较差， 6—10分为很差，1—5分为很乱，0分全空或全抄。4.词数少于130的，从总分中减去2分。 5.评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：(1)与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；(2)内容的丰富性；(3)应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；(4)上下文的连贯性。 6.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 7.如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。8.改卷时请关注：整篇文章是关于个人成长的故事。文章的主旨是race against myself and push myself outside of my comfort zone。 结合前文和两个段首句，第一段应该侧重写“我”入水后心理和游泳表现的变化。内容可以写最开始“我”忍不住瞟看 其他竞争者，打乱了自己的节奏，导致自己落后到Morgan 的话突然在脑海中浮现，自己马上调整状态，找回了游泳 节奏。再结合第二段的段首句“There was only 50 metres to go.”,第一段的结尾句以“我”游了150米结束比较好。 综合文章的主旨，第一段、第二段的段首句和前文的这句话“How could I make it within just two weeks?”,第二段应 该侧重写“我”是如何战胜困难游到了终点，以及比赛结束时，周围人对“我”的肯定和赞许。这让“我”有一种虽败犹 荣的成就感。第二段也可写自己战胜困难赢得比赛，和获胜后的感受和感想。最后结尾要点出文章的主旨。二、各档次的给分范围和要求第七档(22—25分)创造了丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解； 自然有效地使用了段落间、句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。第六档(18-21分)创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度较高； 使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达比较流畅，有个别错误，但不影响理解；比较有效地使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第五档(15—17分)创造了基本合理的内容，有一定的逻辑性，续写基本完整，与原文情境相关；使用了比较恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达方式不够多样性，表达有些许错误，但基本不影响理解；使用了语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第四档(11—14分)创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关； 使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解；尚有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 第三档(6-10分)内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节； 所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解；未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。 第二档(1-5分)内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节； 所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调，错误极多，严重影响理解；几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义欠连贯。第一档(0分) 未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。