高三英语
时间：100 分钟 总分：120 分
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
A
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms, which reflect the Chinese
people’s understanding of time. Here several special solar terms are listed.
Rain Water
Rain Water signals the increase in rainfall and rise in temperature. With its arrival, the river water
defreezes, wild geese move from south to north, and trees and grass turn green again. Extra care is needed
to cope with a returning cold spell in this period. The wet and damp weather during Rain Water period is
considered harmful for people’s spleen (脾 ) and stomach according to Chinese medical practice.
Therefore, a bowl of nutritious porridge is the best choice to nourish the body.
Awakening of Insects
As the third solar term in the lunar year, its name implies that animals sleeping in winter are
awakened by spring thunder and that the earth begins to come back to life. It is the key time for spring
agricultural activities. Modern meteorological science shows that around this period, the earth becomes
wet, the hot humid air from the north is strong and creates frequent winds. For this reason, thunder often
occurs.
Spring Equinox
Spring Equinox signals the equal length of the day and night time. On the day of the Spring Equinox,
the sun is directly above the equator. After the equinox, the sun moves northwards, resulting in gradually
longer day time in the Northern Hemisphere. Standing an egg upright is a popular game during this
period. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
Grain Rain
Grain Rain originates from the old saying, “Rain brings up the growth of hundreds of grains”, which
shows that this period of rainfall is extremely important for the growth of crops and people are busy
working on the land. Grain Rain falls between the end of spring and the beginning of summer, with
infrequent cold air moving to the south and lingering cold air in the north. With dry soil, an unsteady
atmosphere and heavy winds and sandstorms become more frequent.
21. What can we know about Rain Water?
A. River water starts to freeze
B. Taking off the thick coats is advisable
C. Lively spring-like scenery can be seen
D. It falls between the end of spring and the start of summer.
22. What do Awakening of Insects and Grain Rain have in common?
A. Farming season B. Animal activities
C. Air temperature D. Frequent thundering
23. In which solar term would people most probably put on masks?
A. Rain Water B. Grain Rain
C. Spring Equinox D. Awakening of Insects
B
I was living with my grandparents at the time. Our grandparents had recently retired. While they’d
managed to save enough to buy a home, they were short on living expenses.
So, our grandfather took a job as doorkeeper of the Java school building. Keeping the entire building
clean was a stressful job for one man. Realizing this, I began helping him after school, sweeping rooms
and emptying waste baskets, for a small wage.
When winter arrived, he fired up the school’s furnace (火炉). He quickly realized how difficult it had
become for him to shovel (铲) the huge pile of coal chips required to fill in the furnace. I volunteered to
take on that job, a commitment that required me to set my alarm clock an hour earlier each morning. I’d
go over to the school, and shovel a half ton of coal, enough to keep the fire burning for 24 hours. After
finishing that task, I’d go home, change clothes, and eat breakfast. Then I’d head back to school, always
at the last minute.
It was during those morning rushes to school that I discovered my superpower. On two mornings, at
the very instant I stepped onto the sidewalk in front of the school, the first bell rang. That was the signal
for students to head to class. This astonishing coincidence caused me to improve my precision. I carefully
planned each phase of my morning activity. I paced myself. Often I’d step onto the school’s sidewalk just
as the first bell rang. This accomplishment gave me enormous pride — and some strange feelings.
Decades later, at a school reunion, I happened to meet Harold Spiry, who had been in charge of
ringing the bell by pressing a button in his office. I couldn’t resist boasting (吹嘘). I told Mr. Spiry about
how well I had ordered my complex morning work back then, how my timing had been faultless. “Oh
that,” he said. “Do you recall that my office windows looked out over the front of the building? I often
saw you coming. And when you hit the sidewalk, I’d ring the bell.”
24. What does the underlined word “this” refer to?
A. Grandparents’ lack of living expenses
B. Granddad’s retiring as a doorkeeper
C. Grandparents’saving money to buy a house
D. Granddad’s hardships in cleaning the whole building
25. Why did the author get up earlier every morning?
A. To avoid being late for school B. To help his granddad clean classrooms
C. To fill coal into the school’s furnace D. To volunteer to empty waste baskets.
26. What talent did the author find about himself?
A. He had the ability to be on time B. He was good at morning activities
C. He could do things at his own pace D. He could fire up the furnace alone
27. How would the author feel after hearing what Harold Spiry said?
A. Proud B. Surprised
C. Cautious D. Regretful
C
For me, a large part of growing from a girl into a woman was developing a hatred for my body. When
I was a kid, I didn’t think about my body all that much. My attitudes towards my body changed around
middle school when people were talking about staying “in shape” and going on diets. And thus I started to
internalize the harmful standard that we have to look good all the time.
Looks are given far too much importance in our society. Women are supposed to look perfect all the
time. We’re supposed to idolize (崇拜) celebrities who have far more time and money to spend on their
appearance than the average person. It’s simply not attainable.
I love the idea of body positivity. I firmly believe that everyone should try to love themselves as
much as possible. However, it’s almost impossible to love every part of your body all the time.
Personally, I could never achieve that. It’s a good idea to promote body positivity in theory, but it also
allows us to beat ourselves up because we don’t love ourselves all the time.
Body neutrality (中立) is a much more attainable goal. Body neutrality promotes the idea that your
body is simply your body instead of thinking something is good or bad. This mentality is easier to
achieve, and it doesn’t force you to try to love things you don’t love. We don’t need to love every part of
our body —it’s just a body.
Another way to view your body is to be thankful for everything that it does for you rather than how it
looks. For example, I am grateful that my body allows me to go skiing because I love skiing. This shift in
mentality can be helpful because it focuses on your body’s ability to do things you love, instead of your
appearance.
Ultimately, the ideal mentality is loving every part of your body all the time. However, the more
realistic alternative is accepting your body for what it is and what it does for you. Love can come after,
but neutrality is a good place to start.
28. Why did the author change her attitude towards appearance around middle school?
A. Because she was influenced by others
B. Because she began to dislike her body
C. Because she thought it important to stay in shape
D. Because she failed to meet her school’s standards
29. What is the author’s attitude towards body positivity?
A. Supportive B. Doubtful C. Prejudiced D. Indifferent
30. What does body neutrality promote?
A. Pursuing perfection in terms of body image
B. Trying to change your appearance constantly
C. Loving every part of your body unconditionally
D. Accepting your body as it is without judgment
31. What is the suggested mentality towards your body?
A. Ignoring its limitations
B. Focusing on appearance
C. Being grateful for its capabilities
D. Being critical of its imperfections
D
Consider the possibility that all human technology started with a mistake — or at least a lack of hand-
eye coordination. In a new study published on Friday in Science Advances, Lydia Luncz and Tomos
Proffitt, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, argue that
mistakenly created flakes (薄片) may have been our ancient ancestors’ or other now-extinct early human
relatives “first step toward creating the sharp-edged tools that they used to butcher animals and cut edible
plants.
To do their research, Luncz and Proffitt traveled to an abandoned oil palm plantation near Thailand’s
Phang Nga Bay and collected more than 1, 100 pieces of nut-cracking stones used by a troop of long-
tailed macaques (猕猴). Macaques crack open oil palm nuts by placing them on a flat stone and striking
their shell with another stone. These monkeys often miss the nut and accidentally break the stones,
producing sharp flakes. Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones, which revealed a surprising fact: The
flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were
intentionally made by hominins (古人类).
Macaques don’t use the sharp flakes they create for anything, Luncz adds, noting that the monkeys
have sharp teeth and don’t need cutting tools. The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the
earliest known sites, however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a
site dating between 3.3 million and 1.5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the
tools and found that some of the flakes showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been
used for cutting. Cut marks on some fossils revealed that hominins had used stone tools for butchering the
animals, making it clear that the sharp stone tools were anything but unintentional by-products of other
pounding activities.
Despite the findings, to reveal the mechanism for the emergence of flake technology, researchers still
need to learn how hominins made the leap from accidentally producing sharp flakes to picking them up
and using them. Luncz and Proffitt hope to find the missing link in further studies.
32. What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A. The two researchers went to Thailand and collected 1, 100 flakes
B. Long-tailed macaques used the flakes to crack open oil palm nuts
C. Macaques deliberately produced flakes for cutting by breaking stones
D. The flakes produced by macaques were similar to hominins’ stone tools
33. Why does the author mention the Oldowan site in paragraph 3?
A. To provide specific proof B. To clarify a complex concept
C. To present an interesting fact D. To make a detailed comparison
34. What will Luncz and Proffitt probably focus on in their future study?
A. Why macaques create flakes B. Why hominins used stone tools
C. How macaques cut food with flakes D. How hominins began using flakes
35. What is the best title of the passage?
A. A mistake: the origin of human technology
B. Flake technology: from macaques to hominins
C. Pounding activities: on human evolutionary course
D. A missing link: long-tailed macaques create flakes .
第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。选
项中有两项为多余选项。
If you’ve ever been bitten by a mosquito, you know how frustrating their bites can be.
36 , creating an itch (痒) that once you start scratching only seems to get worse. Why does a
mosquito bite itch and what can we do?
Why does a mosquito bite itch?
When a mosquito bites you, it pierces the skin using a special mouthpart to suck up blood and injects
saliva (唾 液 ) into your skin. Mosquitoes’ saliva has lots of proteins in it, some of which our body
recognizes as foreign, and our immune cells spring into action to try to fight them. 37 . Its
actually the body’s response to the foreign mosquito protein it is trying to fight. That’s why some people
may only have a mild reaction to bites, while others, more sensitive to the foreign protein, react with large
areas of swelling that are more painful.
What helps resist the urge to scratch?
“Don’t scratch” is the advice that most experts and health professionals give. As hard and sometimes
unrealistic as it can sound, scratching inflames (发炎) the skin, and the inflammation makes the skin itch
more. “ 38 ,” warned Daniel Markowski, technical adviser for the American Mosquito Control
Association, adding that in extreme cases, people can scar themselves.
Instead, there are dozens of creams and sprays that promise itch relief as well as home remedy (疗
法). Choose what’s right for you can often come down to trial and error. In general, all of the various anti-
itch creams are very similar. There is no scientific evidence these remedies work, and they can come with
their own precautions or side effects. 39 .
40
Some people can have serious allergic reactions to mosquitoes, although in practice it is rare,
Vosshall said. If you experience severe symptoms such as breathing trouble, you should seek medical
attention immediately.
A. When to seek medical attention?
B. What to do with a mosquito bite?
C. It’s not the bite that causes the itch
D. The more you scratch, the more they itch
E. The little red bumps swell up almost immediately
F. Scratching can cause secondary infections and prolong the irritation
G. In fact, the best remedy to fight the itch is to prevent a bite in the first place
第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选
项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Last year in early summer, I was walking to my house when I saw two large birds standing in my
yard. They didn’t seem to 41 me until I was right in front of them and then they
42 disappeared into the nearby bushes. I was quite excited by the 43 of two special birds
making a nest (巢) in my yard.
A few weeks later, the birds 44 . I found them crouching (蹲伏) beside a tree. As I approached
them, they 45 their heads and made a croaking (嘶哑地叫) sound. I didn’t know why they were
croaking at me until a short time later I made an amazing 46 : there were two small birds 47
around happily.
As I inched towards the birds, 48 not to make sudden movements, they started their croaking
again, putting their necks forward so they seemed 49 and more threatening.
The mother put the baby birds under her wings and carefully crouched down over them so her babies
were well 50 .
I was watching them with respect when I suddenly 51 and fell to the ground. The mother took
this as a/an 52 and the father raced towards me, 53 his wings to protect the mother and the
baby birds.
I felt sorry to have disturbed them and left quickly. I am amazed by their 54 actions. Their
parental love made them so courageous. It is hard not to show 55 for nature.
41. A. remind B. confirm C. notice D. protest
42. A. immediately B. familiarly C. creatively D. slowly
43. A. feeling B. sense C. opinion D. idea
44. A. investigated B. removed C. gathered D. reappeared
45. A. stuck out B. put down C. hang out D. turned aroun
46. A. collection B. discovery C. conclusion D. mission
47. A. jumping B. fighting C. seeking D. marching
48. A. curious B. patient C. worried D. careful
49. A. neater B. simpler C. longer D. stronger
50. A. fed B. hidden C. raised D. identified
51. A. tripped B. moved C. alarmed D. responded
52. A. target B. defence C. threat D. escape.
53. A. shooting B. spilling C. folding D. spreading
54. A. military B. individual C. brave D. average
55. A. gratitude B. respect C. emotion D. pleasure
第二节（共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式, 并将答案填写在答题卡
相应的位置上。
If you have the chance to go back to ancient China and ask (56) educated man what
his biggest dream was. He would tell you that he wants to become a zhuang yuan, a title (57)
(give) to the scholar (58) came first in the highest imperial examination.
In ancient China, it was not that (59) (ease) to be an official. You have to take exams
first. The exams are very difficult and have many (60) (procedure). The outcome has to be
confirmed by the Emperor (61) (he). The number one scholar with the best score in the
imperial exam is called zhuang yuan. Once you (62)
(select) as zhuang yuan, you will be appreciated by the Emperor and appear in a parade downtown
(63) a red robe and a tall, strong horse. Zhuang yuan is referred to the elite scholars. Now
the imperial competitive examination has been canceled for many years.
However, people still like to call (64) (good) person in their field a zhuang yuan. An
old saying goes that there are 360 trades (65) every trade has his master, or zhuang yuan.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
假定你是李华，你的留学生朋友 Jim 对中国传统文化很感兴趣，准备参加中国传统技能冬令
营：“中国书法冬令营”或者“中国武术冬令营”。Jim 希望你能给些建议帮助他进行选择。请你给
Jim 回信，内容包括：
1.你建议的班型；
2.你的理由；
3.你的祝愿。
注意：
1.词数 80 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：中国书法 Chinese Calligraphy 中国武术 Chinese Martial Arts
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第二节（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Magic Bus
I was travelling on an overnight bus from Kolhapur to Aurangabad in Maharashtra. This was way
back in May 1972, when I was still in college. The bus — an ordinary, non-air-conditioned one — was
more than packed; all 55 seats were occupied and there were some 20 people standing in the aisle (过道).
The hot day added to the discomfort of the rough, 10-hour journey. Because I was travelling on a student
bus pass, I could not claim a reserved seat. I had no option but to stand — quite uncomfortably.
The bus started its journey a little later than scheduled. The passengers seated comfortably by the
windows wore happy expressions as they looked at the outside world, the breeze kissing their faces. The
people seated by the aisle complained about the standing ones, who had no option but to occasionally lean
on the seat corners. The air inside was hot and filled with strange, unpleasant smells. Some enthusiastic
travellers had carried small transistor radios with the slim hope that they would be able to listen to some
music on the way.
After around two very long hours, I was beyond exhausted and bored. I kept trying to balance myself,
shifting my body weight from one leg to the other to manage the discomfort. After another long hour, I
was wet with sweat in the noise and shaky rhythm of the bus. I suddenly sensed a soft hand tapping my
elbow (手肘), asking for attention. Turning around, I found a middle-aged man with a kind smile looking
up at me. He suddenly stood up and said I could take his seat for some time. I was pleasantly surprised
and immediately accepted his offer, my entire body heaving a sigh of relief. The man, whose seat I was
in, stood next to me, looking around in amusement. After about 20 minutes, I signalled him to take back
his space. A man, who was sitting by the window on the other side of the bus, had observed our
exchange.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Just then, something magical happened._________________________________________________
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Paragraph 2:
The bus reached its destination in the early hours of the morning. _____________________________
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英语参考答案
A
21.C 22.A 23.B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国 24 节气中的“雨水”、“惊蛰”、“春分”和“谷雨”这四个节
气，让我们进一步了解这四个节气的气候和习俗。
21．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“With its arrival, the river water defreezes, wild geese move from south to
north, and trees and grass turn green again.(随着它的到来，河水解冻，大雁由南向北迁徙，树木和草又变绿
了)”可知，雨水之后热闹的春色随处可见。故选 C 项。
22．判断推理题。根据第三段中“It is the key time for spring agricultural activities.(这是春季农业活动的关键时
期)”可知，惊蛰是农业的关键，以及最后一段第一句“Grain Rain originates from the old saying, ‘Rain brings up
the growth of hundreds of grains’, which shows that this period of rainfall is extremely important for the growth of
crops and people are busy working on the land.(谷雨源于古语“雨生百谷”，说明这一时期的降雨对农作物的生
长极为重要，人们正忙于耕作)”结合来看，可得知惊蛰和谷雨这两个节气对农业来说都很重要，是耕作的季
节。故选 A 项。
23．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“With dry soil, an unsteady atmosphere and heavy winds and
sandstorms become more frequent.(由于土壤干燥，大气不稳定和强风，沙尘暴变得更加频繁)”可推测，在谷
雨时沙尘暴经常出现，所以人们最可能需要佩戴口罩保护自己。故选 B 项
B
24.D 25.C 26.A 27.B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者在上学期间，每天早晨帮助在学校打工的祖父做一些事情
之后，急忙去上学，作者发现自己常常在第一声铃响的时候踏上学校的人行道，认为自己具备完美安排时
间的能力，直到多年以后，才发现事实的真相的故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段画线词前面的“our grandfather took a job as doorkeeper of the Java school
building. Keeping the entire building clean was a stressful job for one man.(我们的祖父做了一份 Java 学校大楼的
门卫的工作。对一个人来说，保持整栋楼的清洁是一项压力很大的工作)”可知，这里的 this 指的是前面提
到的作者的祖父一个人完成整幢楼的卫生打扫是非常困难的这件事。故选 D。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段中“When winter arrived, he fired up the school’s furnace (火炉). He quickly
realized how difficult it had become for him to shovel (铲) the huge pile of coal chips required to fill in the furnace. I
volunteered to take on that job, a commitment that required me to set my alarm clock an hour earlier each
morning.(冬天来临时，他把学校的火炉点着了。他很快意识到，要铲起填满熔炉所需的大堆煤屑已经变得多
么困难。我自愿接受了那份工作，这份工作要求我每天早上把闹钟调早一个小时)”可知， 作者起早到达学
校是为了代替祖父给学校的炉子加煤。故选 C。
26．推理判断题。根据第四段中“On two mornings, at the very instant I stepped onto the sidewalk in front of the
school, the first bell rang.(有两个早晨，就在我踏上学校门前人行道的那一刻，第一声铃响了)”和“This
astonishing coincidence caused me to improve my precision. I carefully planned each phase of my morning activity.
I paced myself. Often I’d step onto the school’s sidewalk just as the first bell rang.(这个惊人的巧合使我提高了我
的精确度。我仔细地计划了我早上活动的每一个阶段。我控制了自己的节奏。我经常在第一次上课铃响的
时候走上学校的人行道)”可知，作者发现自己具有做事准时的能力, 故选 A。
27．推理判断题。作者一直认为自己有超常的准时性。但听了 Harold Spiry 的解释后，作者自诩的准时性其
实并不存在，这时作者感到的不是骄傲、谨慎或遗憾，而最有可能的是意外。故选 B。
C
28.A 29.B 30.D 31.C
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者在中学前后改变了对
的态度，建议我们爱自己身体的每一部分，接受自己的身体和它对自己的作用
28．细节理解题。根据第一段“My attitudes towards my body changed around middle school when people were
talking about staying“in shape”and going on diets. And thus I started to internalize the harmful standard that we have
to look good all the time. (我对自己身体的态度在中学前后发生了改变，当时人们都在谈论保持“身材”和节
食。因此，我开始内化那种有害的标准，即我们必须一直看起来很好。)”可知，当别人开始谈论保持“身材”
和节食的时候，作者对自己身体的态度发生改变，由此可知作者是受了别人的影响，故选 A。
29．推理判断题。根据第三段“I love the idea of body positivity. I firmly believe that everyone should try to love
themselves as much as possible. However, it’s almost impossible to love every part of your body all the time.
Personally, I could never achieve that. It’s a good idea to promote body positivity in theory, but it also allows us to
beat ourselves up because we don’t love ourselves all the time. (我喜欢身体积极性这个概念。我坚信每个人都应
该尽可能地爱自己。然而，要一直爱你身体的每一个部位几乎是不可能的。就我个人而言，我永远无法做
到这一点。从理论上讲，提高身体积极性是个好主意，但这也会让我们自责，因为我们并不总是爱自己。)”
可推知，作者对身体积极性的态度是怀疑的，故选 B。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Body neutrality promotes the idea that your body is simply your body instead of
thinking something is good or bad. This mentality is easier to achieve, and it doesn’t force you to try to love things
you don’t love. We don’t need to love every part of our body —it’s just a body. (身体中立是指你的身体就是你的
身体，而不是认为某事是好是坏。这种心态更容易实现，它不会强迫你去爱你不喜欢的东西。我们不需要
爱我们身体的每一部分——它只是一具身体。) ”可知，身体中立提倡的就是客观的看待身体，也就是不加
评判地接受你的身体。故选 D。
31．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ultimately, the ideal mentality is loving every part of your body all the time.
However, the more realistic alternative is accepting your body for what it is and what it does for you. Love can come
after, but neutrality is a good place to start. (最终，理想的心态是一直爱你身体的每一个部位。然而，更现实的
选择是接受你的身体和它对你的作用。爱可以紧随其后，但中立是一个很好的开始。)”可知，建议你对自己
身体的心态就是接受你的身体，也就是对身体对你的作用和能力表示感激，故选 C。
D
32.D 33.A 34.D 35.B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过一项动物研究，介绍了我们早期人类因为意外情况使用工具的情
况。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Luncz and Proffitt analyzed these stones, which revealed a surprising fact: The
flakes that the macaques unintentionally produced looked a lot like the oldest stone tools that were intentionally
made by hominins (古人类).(Luncz 和 Proffitt 分析了这些石头，发现了一个令人惊讶的事实：猕猴无意中产
生的薄片看起来很像人类故意制造的最古老的石器。)”可知，猕猴制作的薄片与人类的石器相似。故选 D。
33．推理判断题。根据第三段的“The similar ancient stone tools collected from some of the earliest known sites,
however, show evidence of being used for cutting tasks. For example, in Oldowan, a site dating between 3. 3 million
and 1. 5 million years ago, researchers analyzed use-wear patterns on the tools and found that some of the flakes
showed damage along their edges, indicating that they had been used for cutting.(然而，从一些已知最早的遗址中
收集到的类似的古代石器显示出用于切割任务的证据。例如，在奥尔德万，一个可以追溯到大约 330 万到
150 万年前的遗址。研究人员分析了这些工具的使用磨损模式，发现一些薄片的边缘有损伤，表明它们曾被