2024 年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试5. — I am sorry to let you waiting for such a long time.
— .
英语冲刺卷（一） A. Never mind B. That’s right
本试卷共 6 页，46 小题，满分 150 分。考试用时 90 分钟。 C. It’s terrible D. Don’t say that
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自已的姓名和考生号、考场号和座位号
阅读（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）
写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右 .
上角“条形码粘贴处”。 第一节 阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需 A
改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 We often hear people say, “I have a good memory for things like that.” or “I can remember
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内
names.”
相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
But do you know memory is the single most important thing and it has played a very important
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 part? For early men, there were dangers all around them-bad weather, wild animals. The keys to
keep on living lay in man’s ability to remember these dangers and the ways he had dealt with them
I. 情景交际(共 5 小题; 每小题 3 分，满分 15 分) in the past. And as man learned how to deal with them, he became civilized. Surprisingly, scientists
阅读下列简短对话，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项，将对话补全。 have not yet found a way to open up the brain and observe its function without destroying it.
1. —Thanks for giving me a ride to school. Perhaps there are two types of memory: long-term and short-term. Short-term refers to those facts
— . that stay with us for a few seconds to a few hours. For example, when you stay at a hotel, you
A. No, thanks B. My pleasure remember the room number and forget it as soon as you leave. Long-term memory, on the other
C. It’s very nice of you D. See you
hand, means you remember things for a long period of time. If you spend your honeymoon in a
2. —How can I get to the nearest hospital?
special hotel, it’s likely that you’ll remember your stay quite clearly.
—___________. I am a stranger here.
Scientists also believe that a short-term memory can become a long-term memory if a lot of
A. Sorry, I don’t know B. Don’t ask me
chemical and physical changes take place in the part of the brain. Although the human brain weighs
C. It’s far away from here D. Where are you
3. —How about walking to school every day? three pounds, it contains 30 billion nerve cells (神经细胞) acting like a computer. When those
—_________. And it is also good for our health. changes strengthen the links in certain nerve cells, a thought becomes a part of the long-term
A. It’s impossible B. I don’t want to memory.
C. Good idea D. I am afraid not 6．From the first paragraph, we know that someone is good at remembering _____.
4. —Can I speak to Bob?
A．names B．figures C．pictures D．actions
—______________.
7．To live safely, people in the past should be able to remember______.
A. Who are you B. I am Bob
A．the learning ability B．the dangers around them
C. This is Bob speaking D. My name is Bob
英语冲刺卷（一） 第1页（共 4 页）
C．some wild plants D．their friends’ addresses same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken
8．How many types of memory are mentioned in the passage? belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are
A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(缓解)
9．A short-term memory can become a long-term memory when _____. can we discover a new meaning in competition.
A．certain nerve cells get destroyed in daily life 11．What does this passage mainly talk about?
B．the facts stay in the brain for quite a few hours A．Competition helps to set up self-respect.
C．people become strong through different exercise B．Opinions about competition are different among people.
D．some nerve cells link strongly by certain changes C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
10．What’s the best title for this passage? D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition.
A．Living skills B．Chemical changes 12．Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
C．Memory types D．Physical changes A．It pushes society forward. B．It builds up a sense of duty.
C．It improves personal abilities. D．It encourages individual efforts.
B
13．The underlined phrase “ the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means _____.
In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly,
A．those who try their best to win
believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity(繁荣). Others say that competition
B．those who value competition most highly
is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between
C．those who are against competition most strongly
people.
D．those who rely on others most for success
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they
14．What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?
performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death
A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others’.
affairs. In their single-minded pursuit(追求) of success, the development of many other human
B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts
qualities is sadly forgotten.
C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills.
However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude.
D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried.
In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary player, they
15．Which point of view may the author agree to?
strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under
A．Every effort should be paid back.
competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in
B．Competition should be encouraged.
them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not
C．Winning should be a life-and-death matter.
trying, they always have an excuse: “ I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost,
that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the
英语冲刺卷（一） 第2页（共 4 页）
第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
III．完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. But there 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中选出最佳选项。
are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our Susan had long blonde hair and big blue eyes. So did most of the other children in her school
schools or jobs. Such changes often leave us without a friend. 16 But for many of us, the class, which 21 her a lot. “I look like everyone else! I’m not 22 ! I’m boring!” Susan
process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and complained to her mother.
keep friends. She decided to try to make herself look 23 . She painted big pink spots on her neck and
Start a conversation. when she didn’t get attention, she stuck (粘贴) a long plastic nose on top of her real nose. Nobody
Starting a conversation is an important step in making new friends. 17 You can always noticed that 24 . She took ink and poured it all over her 25 . She wore clown (小丑)
start the conversation. Being able to make small talks is a very useful skill in relating (关联的) clothes to school. 26 , no matter what she did, she still didn’t get any 27 .
with other people. One morning her 28 went to wake her up and told her to get ready for school. She made
18 Susan 29 the ink out of her hair and clean her neck. “I’m not going to school 30 ! I’m
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests boring!” She buried (埋藏) her head under the quilt (被子) and 31 .
always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience. “Susan,” her mother said, “You are different. 32 in the world looks just like you. Some
Let it grow. people have blonde hair like you and some have blue eyes like you, but none of them has your
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, smile. Nobody laughs like you, either. Now 33 and get ready for school.”
messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. Susan went to school that day and looked at all the other kids in her class. “Mom was
19 34 . Nobody looks just like me.” Susan smiled. “I am special and I am not 35 !”
Enjoy your friendship. 21．A．encouraged B．frightened C．troubled D．pleased
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 20 22．A．special B．outgoing C．confident D．powerful
Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend 23．A．beautiful B．simple C．different D．happy
you will want your friend to be to you. 24．A．too B．either C．also D．neither
A．Do things together. 25．A．neck B．nose C．eyes D．hair
B．Don’t wait to be spoken to. 26．A．Though B．So C．However D．And
C．Try not to find fault with your friend. 27．A．attention B．help C．prize D．answer
D．Making new friends comes easy for some people. 28．A．father B．mother C．sister D．brother
E．So you will need to give your friend time to react to you. 29．A．pull B．wash C．throw D．turn
30．A．tomorrow B．next week C．next year D．today
31．A．cried B．slept C．laughed D．relaxed
英语冲刺卷（一） 第3页（共 4 页）
32．A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Anybody Dear Peter,
33．A．get up B．get off C．put up D．put off _______________________________________________________________________________
34．A．wrong B．right C．strict D．kind _______________________________________________________________________________
35．A．moving B．interesting C．tiring D．boring _______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
IV.语法填空 （共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分）
Yours sincerely,
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Hua
My husband and I were watering 36 (flower) in the yard when an old man passing by
37 (stop) to talk with us. He asked us to guess his age and I thought he was 75 years old.
However, that was 38 (obvious) wrong. He was actually 94! I asked him 39 was
the secret to his longevity (长寿). He told me that he had been a rich lawyer before retirement but
he wanted a 40 (peace) mind. Then someone advised him that he should try to help others
to have peace of mind.
Then, the new friend made a 41 (contribute) to charity. He gave away all his pension
(退休金). He said he lived with his son and didn’t need the money. He enjoyed 42 (talk)
and accepted my offer of some desserts (甜点). After a few minutes, the desserts for his son 43
(pack) too and he gave me a silk scarf as 44 gift. I am grateful for this chance. This
chance also reminded me 45 a valuable idea: To practice peace!
V.书面表达（共 1 题，满分 25 分）
46．假定你是李华，你的好朋友 Peter 是初三学生。在最近的一次来信中 Peter 提到因为书写
不够美观、整洁，在多次英语考试中他的作文得分都不理想，这是他目前最大的困扰。请你
给 Peter 回信并针对他的问题提出建议。内容包括：
1.理解和安慰；
2.你的建议。
注意：1. 写作词数应为 90 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
英语冲刺卷（一） 第4页（共 4 页）
2024 年第一次广东省普通高中学业水平合格性考试
英语冲刺卷（一）答案
一、情景交际
1．B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.A
1、考查的感谢场景。句意：—谢谢你让我搭便车！—我的荣幸。A. No,thanks.
不,谢谢。B. My pleasure. 不客气 C. It takes time.这需要时间。D. See you. 再见。
根据句意可知，上句是表示感谢，回答也就是说不用谢，故选 D。
2、考查问路场景。句意：—我怎么能到最近的医院?—我是一个外地人。A. Sorry,
I don't know. 抱歉，我不知道。B. Don't ask me.别问我。C. It's far away from here.
它离这里很远。D. Where are you? 你在哪？根据题意，对方也是陌生人，不能为
你指路，因此感到抱歉。
3、考查表达观点的场景。句意：—每天步行去学校怎么样？—它对我们的健康
也有好处。A. 这是不可能的。B. 我不想。C. 好主意。D. 恐怕不行。根据上下
文，此处是对第一个人提出的建议的认可和同意。
4、考查打电话的场景。句意：—我可以和鲍勃讲电话吗？—A. 你是谁？B. 我
是鲍勃。C. 我是鲍勃。D. 我的名字是鲍勃。在打电话的场景中，用“This is …
speaking”介绍自己，表示接电话的就是本人。
5、考察道歉场景。句意：—很抱歉让你等了这么久。—A. 没关系。B. 那是对
的。C. 太可怕了。D. 别这么说。当别人对你表示歉意时，通常回答没关系，故
选 A。
二、阅读理解
6．A 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了记忆的两种类型：长时记忆和短时记
忆。
6．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We often hear people say, “I have a good memory
for things like that.” or “I can remember names.”(我们经常听到人们说：“我对这类
英语冲刺卷（一）答案 第1页
事情有很好的记忆力。”或者“我能记住别人的名字。”)”可知，从第一段，我们知
道有人善于记住别人的名字。故选 A。
7．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“For early men, there were dangers all around
them-bad weather, wild animals. The keys to keep on living lay in man’s ability to
remember these dangers and the ways he had dealt with them in the past.(对早期的人
类来说，危险无处不在——恶劣的天气、野兽。生存的关键在于人类能够记住这
些危险，以及过去应对这些危险的方法。)”可知，为了安全生活，过去的人们应
该能够记住他们周围的危险。故选 B。
8．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Perhaps there are two types of memory: long-term
and short-term.(也许有两种记忆：长时记忆和短时记忆。)”可知，文章提到了两
种记忆类型。故选 B。
9．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Scientists also believe that a short-term memory
can become a long-term memory if a lot of chemical and physical changes take place
in the part of the brain.(科学家们还认为，如果大脑部分发生了大量的化学和物理
变化，短期记忆可以变成长期记忆。)”和“When those changes strengthen (加强) the
links in certain nerve cells, a thought becomes a part of the long-term memory.(当这
些变化加强了某些神经细胞的联系时，一个想法就会成为长期记忆的一部分。)”
可知，当一些神经细胞通过某些变化紧密联系在一起时，短期记忆可以变成长期
记忆。故选 D。
10．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Perhaps there are two types of memory: long-term
and short-term.(也许有两种记忆：长时记忆和短时记忆。）”可知，文章主要介绍
了记忆的种类。故选 C。
【答案】11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A 15．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了人们对竞争的态度和不同的观点看法。
11．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“In modern society there is a
great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is
responsible for social progress and prosperity(繁荣). Others say that competition is
英语冲刺卷（一）答案 第2页
bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship
between people.（在现代社会，关于竞争有很多争论。一些人非常重视它，认为
它有助于社会的进步和繁荣。还有人说竞争不好；它让一个人与另一个人对立；
导致人与人之间的不友好关系）”可知，文章是关于人们对竞争的态度。故选 B。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible
for social progress and prosperity（一些人非常重视它，认为它有助于社会的进步
和繁荣）”可知，赞成竞争的人认为竞争导致了社会的进步。故选 A。
13．词义猜测题。根据第三段的“In a culture which values only the winner and pays
no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most
vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their
parents or society.（在一种只看重胜利者而不关心普通选手的文化中，他们强烈
地指责竞争。其中 the most vocal 是那些遭受来自父母或社会竞争压力的年轻人）”
可知，有一些人强烈地指责竞争，在这些人中最多的就是那些遭受着竞争压力的
年轻人。由此推知，the most vocal 就是指那些反对竞争的人。故选 C。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s
self-respect relies on how well one performs compared with others（. 两者都基于一种
错误的信念，即一个人的自尊取决于与他人相比表现如何）”可知，竞争者和“渴
望失败者”都认为人的价值在于与别人的比较。故选 A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s
self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are
afraid of not being valued.Only as this basic and often troublesome fear is overcome
can discover a new meaning in competition（他们都认为，自尊心取决于与他人的
比较。两者都害怕不被重视。只有克服了这种基本的、常常令人烦恼的恐惧，才
能在竞争中发现新的意义）”推知，作者认为在竞争中要去除对失败的恐惧，只
有这样我们才能理解竞争的真正的含义。故选 D。
【答案】16．D 17．B 18．A 19．E 20．C
英语冲刺卷（一）答案 第3页
16．上文“But there are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a
new town, or changed our schools or jobs. Such changes often leave us without a
friend. (但是，在我们的生活中，有些时候，比如我们最近搬到了一个新的城市，
或者换了学校或工作。这样的变化常常使我们失去朋友。)”提出一个事实，即搬
到新地方会使我们失去原来的朋友，结合下文“But for many of us, the process is
difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make
and keep friends.(但对我们许多人来说，这个过程是困难的，需要勇气。下面是
一些关于如何交友和保持朋友关系的有用建议。)”可知，此处指出在新环境中交
朋友是困难的，但是有一些有用建议，由此可推知，空处应该指出人们人们搬到
新地方会失去原来朋友的解决办法——即交新朋友，D 项“交新朋友对有些人来
说很容易。”符合，和下文是转折关系，故选 D.
17．上文“Starting a conversation is an important step in making new friends.(开始交
谈是结交新朋友的重要一步。)”指出交朋友时，要做的第一步是开始交谈，即主
动和别人说话，不要等着别人和你说，B 项“不要等着别人跟你说话。”符合上下
文语境，故选 B。
18 ． 此 处 是 本 段 小 标 题 ， 由 下 文 “Choosing friends with common interests is
important in building friendship as these interests always bring you and your friend
together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.(选择有共同兴趣的朋友
对于建立友谊很重要，因为这些兴趣总是把你和你的朋友聚集在一起。闲逛总是
一种愉快的经历。)”指出交朋友时要和朋友一起做一起事情，A 项“一起做事。”
能概括本段主旨，故选 A。
19．上文“However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as
this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.(然而，尽
量不要给你的新朋友打电话、发短信或者来访，因为这样可能会让他或她筋疲力
尽，最终你可能会失去你的朋友。)”和本段小标题“Let it grow.(让它成长。)”可知，
不要急于给你的新朋友打电话、发短信或者来访，要让友谊慢慢成长，即要给朋
友时间来回应我们，E 项“所以你需要给你的朋友时间来回应你。”符合，故选 E。
英语冲刺卷（一）答案 第4页
20 ． 上 文 “The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be
themselves.(享受友谊的最好方式就是让你的朋友做他们自己。)”指出要让朋友作
自己，下文“Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.
(尽量不要改变他们，让他们成为你想要他们成为的人。)”具体指出了我们该做什
么和不该做什么，由此可知，空处也应是指出我们的做法，C 项“不要挑你朋友
的毛病。”符合，这能让朋友做自己，故选 C。
III．完形填空
21．C 22．A 23．C 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．B
29．B 30．D 31．A 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了苏珊因为自己和别人长得相似而感
到烦恼，妈妈教育了她，让她发现了自己的独特之处。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：苏珊有一头金色的长发和一双蓝色的大眼睛。她
班上的大多数其他孩子也是如此，这让她很困扰。A. encouraged 鼓励；B.
frightened 惊吓；C. troubled 困扰；D. pleased 使满意。根据下文“Susan complained
to her mother”可知，这里应表示和别人一样的情况“困扰”了苏珊。故选 C。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看起来和其他人一样！我并不特别！我很无
聊！A. special 特别的；B. outgoing 外向的；C. confident 自信的；D. powerful 强
大的。根据上文“I look like everyone else”可知，苏珊觉得自己不“特别”。故选 A。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她决定让自己看起来不同。A. beautiful 漂亮的；
B. simple 简单的；C. different 不同的；D. happy 高兴的。根据下文“She painted big
pink spots on her neck and when she didn’t get attention, she stuck (粘贴 ) a long
plastic nose on top of her real nose.”可知，苏珊想让自己看起来与众“不同”。故选
C。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：也没有人注意到那些。A. too 也（用于肯定句句
尾）；B. either 也，（用于否定句句尾）；C. also 也，（用于句中）；D. neither 两者
都不。根据 nobody 可知，这里是否定句，位于句尾，应用 either 。故选 B。
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25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她拿了墨水倒在头发上。A.neck 脖子；B.nose
鼻子；C.eyes 眼睛；D.hair 头发。根据上文“She took ink and poured it all over”和
下文“She made Susan 9 the ink out of her hair”可知，苏珊把墨水倒在了“头发”
上，故选 D。
26．考查连词词义辨析。句意： 但不管她做了什么，她仍然没有得到任何关注，
没有人认为她是特别的。A. Though 虽然；B. So 所以；C. However 但是；D. And
并且。根据下文“she still didn’t get any 7 and nobody thought she was special.”
可知，前后两句是转折关系。故选 C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但不管她做了什么，她仍然没有得到任何关注，
没有人认为她是特别的。A. attention 注意；B. help 帮助；C. prize 奖品；D. answer
答案。根据上文“when she didn’ t get attention，she stuck a long plastic nose on top of
her real nose”可知，她做这些是为了得到别人的“注意”。故选 A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，她妈妈去叫醒她，叫她准备上学。A.
father 父亲； B. mother 母亲；C. sister 姐妹；D. brother 兄弟。根据下文“her mother
said”可知，是“妈妈”来叫醒她。故选 B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她让苏珊把头发上的墨水洗掉，然后洗干净脖子。
A. pull 拉；B. wash 洗；C. throw 扔；D. turn 转身。根据下文“clean her neck”可知，
妈妈让苏珊把头发上的墨水“洗”掉，并清洗脖子。故选 B。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天我不上学了！A. tomorrow 明天；B. next week
下周；C. next year 明年；D. today 今天。根据上文的“One morning”和下文“ She
buried (埋藏) her head under the quilt (被子) and 11 .”可知，Susan 把头埋进
被子里，是说“当天”不去上学，故选 D。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把头埋在被子里哭了。A. cried 哭；B. slept 睡
觉；C. laughed 笑；D. relaxed 放松。根据上文“She buried her head under the quilt”
以及语境可知，这里应表示躲在被子里“哭”。故选 A。
32．考查代词词义辨析。句意： 世界上没有人和你一样。A. Everybody 每个人；
B. Somebody 某人；C. Nobody 没有人；D. Anybody 任何人。根据上文“You are
unique and special”可知，妈妈说世界上“没有人”看起来像苏珊。故选 C。
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