英语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改
动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本
试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5分）
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对
话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是C。
1．What did the man do?
A．He taught English. B．He went abroad. C．He visited a school.
2．What time do the speakers plan to start out?
A．At 3:00 a. m. B．At 8:00 a. m. C．At 11:00 a. m.
3．Which of the following does the man dislike?
A．The new city. B．His new job. C．The cold climate.
4．Why did the man come back home?
A．He was ill. B．He was out of work. C．He missed his family.
5．Why did Peter go out?
A．To get some paint. B．To have a drink. C．To see a movie.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5分）
听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选
项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答
时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6．Why does the woman want to go to a wildlife park?
A．She can see a lot of animals.
B．She likes to see animals in the wild.
C．She doesn’t have to pay for the ticket.
7．When does this conversation probably take place?
A．Before the summer holidays.
B．During the summer holidays.
C．After the summer holidays.
听第7 段材料，回答第8至 10 题。
8．Why does the man ask about Janet?
A．He hasn’t seen her for a long time.
B．He wants to make friends with her.
C．He wants the woman to be her friend.
9．What does the man think of Janet?
A．Very nice. B．Very clever. C．Hardworking.
10．What might be the result of the conversation?
A．The man and Janet become friends.
B．The woman and Janet are friends again.
C．The man and the woman become friends.
听第8 段材料，回答第 11至 13 题。
11．How does the man feel about what the ad says?
A．He believes it. B．He doubts it. C．He is interested in it.
12．What will the speakers most probably do tomorrow?
A．Work in the yard. B．Go to a car show. C．Go to a fashion show.
13．What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A．Mother and son. B．Husband and wife. C．Father and daughter.
听第9 段材料，回答第 14至 17 题。
14．Why does the man complain to the woman?
A．She is driving too fast. B．She is driving carelessly. C．She is driving so slowly.
15．What did the woman do when she saw a boy running out in front of her?
A．She slowed down. B．She drove even faster. C．She continued driving.
16．How did the boy fall down?
A．He fell down himself. B．He was hit by a bus. C．He was hit by the woman’s car.
17．How many reasons does the woman give for driving carefully?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18至 20 题。
18．What will the new students do on Saturday?
A．Visit a historical city. B．Tour around London. C．Play games with classmates.
19．When will the new students meet their teachers?
A．On Sunday morning. B．On Sunday afternoon. C．On Sunday evening.
20．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A．A tour of London.
B．The plan for the weekend.
C．The teaching arrangements.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Summer Scholarships
ABOUT THE PROGRAM
The Scholastic Awards Summer（SAS） Scholarship Program provides teens who have been recognized by the
Scholastic Art & Writing Awards with an opportunity to attend summer art or writing programs on a full-tuition（全
额学费） scholarship.
Teens do not apply for specific summer programs; instead, they apply for a SAS Scholarship, and we work with
our partners to place Scholars into a program that will work best for them based on their abilities and interests.
ELIGIBILITY（资格）
Teens in grades 7—11 who have received a Gold or Silver Key can apply for a SAS Scholarship. Individual
programs may set additional criteria.
HOW TO SUBMIT
The application period opens when regional awards are announced in January. To apply, log you’re your account
at portal, artandwriting. org. You will find My SAS Scholarships Application on your teen dashboard.
APPLICATION CHECKLIST
All applications must contain:
1．Your Gold or Silver Key, art or writing.
2．Up to five additional recent examples of your best art or writing.
3．Complete answers to all questions in the written part of the application, including your Profile and Student
Questionnaire.
4．The Parent/Guardian Questionnaire must be completed by your parent or guardian.
21．What is the purpose of the program?
A．To help teens to win a scholarship. B．To give teens training in art or writing.
C．To reward teens who love art or writing. D．To encourage teens’ interest in art or writing.
22．Who can apply for the program?
A．Anyone who loves art or writing.
B．Anyone who wants to do better in art or writing.
C．Those who are the Scholastic Awards winners.
D．Those who want to be the Scholastic Awards winners.
23．Which of the following must be included in the application?
A．Your plan for winning a reward. B．Your descriptions of your works.
C．Your achievements in art or writing. D．Your suggestions about the program.
B
One strategy for reducing food waste’s environmental impact seems contrary to common sense: Open more
grocery stores. That’s according to new research from Elena Belavina, an expert in operations management and
supply chains.
The food we throw out because it goes bad when cleaning out the fridge makes a surprisingly large contribution
to global warming. One-third of all food produced is wasted, a problem responsible for carbon emissions（排放物）
equivalent to all road transportation, said Belavina.
When consumers can purchase food nearby, they shop more often but buy less each time, ultimately wasting less.
“The more stores you have, the lower food waste is going to be,” said Belavina. “Very small increases in store density
（密度） can have a very high impact.”
Belavina found that in Chicago, which she said is typical of many American cities, adding just three or four
markets within a 10-square-kilometer area would reduce food waste by 6% to 9%. That would achieve an emissions
reduction comparable to converting（改装） more than 20,000 cars from petrol to electric power.
Most big cities are well below the ideal density of grocery stores that would minimize food waste, the research
determined. In Chicago, that would be about 200 markets within a 10-square-kilometer area—compared to 15
currently—but most of the benefit from reduced emissions would be achieved by about 50 markets. New York City,
with its abundance of produce stands and neighborhood markets, comes closest to its ideal density.
Urban planners, city governments and activists should pursue policies encouraging an ideal density of grocery
stores based on each city’s population, she said. Chain stores’ sustainability plans should analyze how their store
networks and supply chains contribute to food waste and emissions overall.
“We actually see some moves toward going a little bit back in time and those small corner stores and mom-and-
pop stores are making a comeback,” she said.
24．Why can higher store density reduce food waste?
A．There are more stores to supply fresh food. B．There are more stores to deal with food waste.
C．Consumers can spend less time on buying food. D．Consumers needn’t overbuy their groceries.
25．How many markets are there per 10 square kilometers in Chicago now?
A．15 markets. B．About 4 markets. C．About 50 markets. D．About 200 markets.
26．What does Belavina think of small corner stores and mom-and-pop stores?
A．They are helpful. B．They are a problem.
C．They are of little help. D．They do better than grocery stores.
27．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Buy Less, Eat Less B．Ideal Density of Grocery Stores
C．Food Waste and Global Warming D．More Grocery Stores, Less Food Waste
C
Recently, I was walking with some parents when we came across a five-pound note lying on the ground. We
stood around it for a moment, a bit awkwardly, until someone suggested putting it on a nearby bench. Then one of the
parents remarked that we’d probably have behaved differently—that is, we would have just taken the money—had we
been alone.
This relates to a classic question in studies of human generosity: do we behave more selfishly when we aren’t
being observed? The debate goes on across the psychological and biological sciences, as well as in popular culture,
about whether kindness can exist in a competitive world.
Yom Kippur is a Jewish（犹太人的） religious holiday when Jewish people fast and ask for forgiveness for the
wrongs they’ve committed. One of the points of Yom Kippur is to behave better regardless of who is watching.
There’s an evolutionary beauty to the teachings of Yom Kippur, which are the products of thousands of years of
cultural changes and evolution.
The Maasai people of Kenya practice osotua: relationships between people that operate based on need. When
someone forms an osotua relationship with another, they enter into an unwritten contract to help their partner in times
of need. And hunter-gatherer groups, which can represent the circumstances our species evolved in, have many similar
examples.
Cultural evolution helps to explain the existence and complexity of these systems. Culturalchanges are far faster
than biological evolution, allowing intelligent species like humans to develop behavioral adaptations for managing
complex social environments. Osotua, or any other practice that helps to maintain good treatment of others in society,
is the result of tens of thousands of years of cultural trial and error. The customs passed down over time are those that
help us to develop as cultural groups.
The study of those changes has helped us to understand how we successfully spread around the world as
cooperative groups. Biological evolution has helped humans be more cooperative, but cultural changes have
accelerated this process.
Cultural evolution helps us to overcome our selfish natures. Try to understand rules before you ignore them—and
next time you find a fiver on the ground, you might think about the awkward situation your discovery represents.
28．What made the parents feel a bit awkward?
A．The difficulty sharing the money.
B．The difficulty finding the owner of the money.
C．The thought of putting the money on the bench.
D．The thought of keeping the money for themselves.
29．Why is “Yom Kippur” talked about in the text?
A．To highlight a fact. B．To draw a conclusion.
C．To make a comparison. D．To support an argument.
30．How is biological evolution different from cultural evolution?
A．It evolves much slower. B．It takes much less time.
C．It is a more complex process. D．It makes humans more cooperative.
31．What does the author intend to explain in the text?
A．How cultural evolution takes place. B．Why people sometimes behave selfishly.
C．Why kindness exists in a competitive world. D．How kindness spreads throughout the world.
D
The sign of a healthy personal relationship is one that is equally mutual（相互的） —where you get out just as
much as you put in. Nature has its own version of a healthy relationship. Known as mutualisms, they are interactions
between species that are mutually beneficial for each species. One example is the interaction between plants and
pollinators（传粉者）, where your apple trees are pollinated and the honeybee gets nectar（花蜜） as a food
reward. But how are mutualisms affected by other organisms that take those rewards without providing a service in
return?
A team of researchers recently researched that question. They investigated the abilities of diverse communities of
mutualists, comparing how each deals with cheaters. Cheaters are species that steal the benefits of the mutualism
without providing anything in return. An example of one of nature’s cheaters is nectar robbers. Nectar-robbing bees
chew through the side of flowers to feed on nectar without coming into contact with the flower parts that would result
in pollination.
The researchers produced mutualisms in the lab using yeast strains（酵母菌株） that functioned as mutualist
species. Each yeast strain produced a food resource to exchange with a mutualist partner. They engineered four
species of each type of mutualists as well as two cheater strains that were unable to make food resources.
The researchers created communities of yeast that differed both in the number of species and the presence of
cheaters. They found that communities with higher numbers of mutualist species were better able to resist the negative
effects of cheaters because there were multiple species of mutualists performing the same task. If one species was lost
from the community due to competing with a cheater, there were other species around to perform the task, showing
that the presence of more species in a community can reduce the negative effects of cheaters.
Their results highlight the importance of having multiple mutualist species that provide similar resources or
services, essentially creating a backup in case one species goes extinct. It’s similar to the relationship between grocery
stores and suppliers. Grocery stores have multiple suppliers to ensure that there are always goods available should
something happen to one supplier.
The future study is to explore the possibility of a mutualist species becoming a cheater. The group is testing if
mutualists that perform the same function might set up an environment that allows one of those mutualist species to
become a cheater since there are other mutualists around that can fill that role.
32．Which of the following can be an example of mutualism?
A．Farmers and crops. B．Sunlight and plants.
C．Cities and wild animals. D．Humans and global warming.
33．What can be concluded from the study of communities of yeast?
A．More communities of yeast are better than one. B．More species of mutualists are better than one.
C．More species of mutualists lead to fewer cheaters. D．More communities of yeast lead to fewer cheaters.
34．According to the text, which of the following may have the same role as “suppliers” underlined in paragraph 5?
A．Nectar. B．Honeybees. C．Cheaters. D．Apples.
35．According to the study, what would happen in a community of mutualists?
A．Cheaters would become extinct. B．Cheaters would act as mutualist species.
C．A mutualist species would switch to cheating. D．Mutualist species and cheaters would work
together.
第二节（共5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why I Love June
Memorial Day has come and gone and June has officially begun. In my mind, that means summer is here—even
if the calendar says it doesn’t arrive for another few weeks. How you greet a new season sets the tone for how
positively you are prepared to enter into a new time of year. 36 and feel inspired to share my reasons why I love
the start of the summer.
I can have fun on the beach. I’m a beach lover. I’ve been sticking my feet in the grainy sands of the beach since I
was born. 37 —and Grandma’s blueberry pie（a great way to end a long beach day）. I usually kick off my
beach weekends in late May, but June is when I enjoy the salty smell and rolling waves as I close my eyes and let the
sun pour down on my shoulders.
38 . When June rolls around I seem to notice the colorful flowers around me a lot more. Maybe it’s because
I’ve just started walking outside for longer periods of time as the weather allows it, or maybe it’s because I’ve started
wearing brighter colors, but the pink, purple, yellow and red flowers that blanket the parks and gardens I pass seem
more brilliant than ever.
I can breathe easier when I run. There’s something about the June air here that makes me happy. Yes, we get the
occasional hot summer day when all we can do is sit still and hope to feel cool, but for the most part, the sun and wind
work together to give my lungs a healthy charge while I’m running along the river. It doesn’t have that winter bite that
causes me to cough. 39 .
I feel happier. It seems silly that the start of a certain month can change my mood, but when my sandals（凉
鞋） remind me that my winter boots are hiding in the back of my closet, I feel a sense of joy. You could say the start
of summer is like a mini new year for me. It brings life to plans and ideas that I may have been avoiding and gets me
out and about. 40 .
Thanks, June.
A．All kinds of plants start growing
B．The flowers seem more attractive
C．I actually enjoy exercising as a result
D．It’s always a place that I associate with enjoyment
E．Seasons really can change more than just the weather
F．I begin to think about how I feel about this lovely month
G．Mother tells me it was on a rainy night in June that I arrived
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题1 分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Happiness can be difficult to find. But even when happiness seems almost impossible, it can be obtained with a
shift in ways of thinking or simply a 41 .
I volunteered at an elderly care home this past summer. 42 , I didn’t think much about the visits to the
residents. There couldn’t be anything 43 to talk about with old people, right? But as I got to know them my
outlook—and life—completely 44 .
One resident I remember vividly was a woman with a friendly smile. I 45 a collection of porcelain（瓷制
的） shoes, in varying sizes, beside her window. “Those are really pretty,” I said. The woman’s face instantly lit up.
“Ah yes! I used to 46 them when I was younger,” she said, carefully 47 a shoe with a beautiful design.
“My daughter bought it for me. I saw it in an antique store and just knew I had to have it.” I could feel the 48 in
her voice.
I visited another resident who kept her wedding photograph next to her bed. The photograph, though 49
and black-and-white, showed the pure joy on the bride’s and groom’s faces. Along with the photograph, she 50
postcards and letters from her family. Looking at the pictures on the postcards, she could 51 she was traveling
around the world with them.
These stories—so familiar, yet so distant from my 52 —made me see what truly defines happiness. Despite
their old 53 , the residents had happy memories of friends and family, and a great deal of experiences to 54 .
All these little details turn into their own 55 of happiness. I must make the most of life so that one day I can
unearth my own tiny pieces of happiness.
41．A．visit B．memory C．talk D．wish
42．A．Continually B．Eventually C．Gradually D．Initially
43．A．interesting B．necessary C．boring D．difficult
44．A．changed B．improved C．disappeared D．matched
45．A．arranged B．put C．noticed D．remembered
46．A．throw B．collect C．sell D．compare
47．A．searching for B．putting away C．picking up D．working on
48．A．hope B．pressure C．confidence D．joy
49．A．old B．dirty C．useless D．ugly
50．A．received B．kept C．checked D．sent
51．A．believe B．tell C．explain D．imagine
52．A．position B．description C．viewpoints D．life
53．A．wisdom B．work C．age D．hobbies
54．A．share B．follow C．gain D．learn
55．A．expectation B．guarantee C．definition D．knowledge
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Twin panda cubs（幼崽） made their public appearance for the first time Wednesday before devoted fans in
Tokyo.
The twins, male cub Xiao Xiao and its sister Lei Lei, which were born at Tokyo’s Ueno Zoo in June, took 56
（they） first steps with fans from different parts of the country 57 （hold） up their smart phones to film the
lovely pair as they played together.
In 58 （prepare） for their public appearance, the twins and their mother were placed in a shared living
quarter where they were exposed to sounds from a radio 59 （get） used to noise and voices from visitors.
In a video 60 （release） by the zoo Wednesday, the twin cubs sit back to back on a tree playing with
bamboo while visitors 61 （hear） saying “kawaii（cute）!” in the background. Then the male cub steps on its
sister to move up the tree.
Groups of six people at 62 time were allowed to enter the panda quarters, where they could remain for one
minute. The public viewing period was limited 63 two hours in the morning.
“I was filled with excitement when I first saw them,” said Kirie Tanaka, a panda fan who came from the 64
（west） Japanese city of Osaka for the day.
During her turn, the cubs were pretending to eat bamboo and “that was just adorable,” said Tanaka, 65 hat
and bag were decorated with dancing pandas. “It’s so comforting to see them.”
The rare animals live mainly in the bamboo-covered mountains in China’s Sichuan area.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（满分 15分）
假定你是李华，Mark 是你的留学生好友。你对英语写作感兴趣，打算开始英语写作的实践。请给 Mark 写一
封邮件，内容包括：
1．你的打算；
2．习作的形式、内容等；
3．希望得到 Mark 对习作的评价和建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为 80 左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________
Thank you so much.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分 25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I’m a single mom and have to work hard to pay my bills, raise my five-year-old and get enough food for my
family. Even worse, my father is suffering from heart trouble and my family is burdened with huge medical expenses.
There was a time I lived on a tight budget and had to count every single penny I spent as I had been out of work
for months. I even hated to go shopping in fear of spending more than I could. When I had to, I would stand there and
add things up over and over again. During the recent holiday season, I was shopping at Trader Joe’s. I carefully chose
things at the store that I thought I needed most, and then added everything up.
To my disappointment, the total was too high—it was more than I had. I couldn’t buy all that I had chosen, so I
had no choice but to look through everything trying to figure out what to put back. It was hard to make the decision,
because the things that I had put into the basket all seemed absolutely necessary. In the end I kept the things that
everyone else would have loved, but put back the one thing that I loved. It was a simple frozen package of chicken.
But that package was what put the total over budget.
I hated the feeling of not being able to afford that package of chicken. But that was life and I moved on and tried
to forget about it. It was what I had to do.
注意：
1．续写词数应为 150 左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That night our doorbell rang.
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________
I still have no idea who put the package of chicken at our door and have been wondering about it. ____________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________
娄底市 2023 年下学期高三质量检测
英语参考答案
题 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
序
答 B B C C A B A A A B B C B C C
案
题 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
序
答 A A A C B B C C D A A D D D A
案
题 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45