英语
注意事项：
1. 答题前，务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用
橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3. 答非选择题时，必须使用 0. 5 毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位
置上。
4. 所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5. 考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案
转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题：每小题 1. 5 分，满分 7. 5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最
佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题
和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man offer the woman?
A. A raincoat. B. A ride. C. An umbrella.
2. Where did the woman go?
A. Nowhere. B. The doctor’s. C. The railway station.
3. Which of the following satisfies the man?
A. The kitchen. B. The bedroom. C. The bathroom.
4. What is the weather like?
A. Freezing and wet. B. Warm and dry. C. Sunny but windy.
5. What is the woman looking for?
A. A nice magazine. B. A shopping list. C. A good movie.
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第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 22. 5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个
选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听
完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 8 题。
6. What is the woman going to do?
A. Prepare lunch. B. Have a party. C. Go to a friend’s.
7. What does the woman still need?
A. A tie. B. Some flowers. C. Some candies.
8. What should one do when he goes to a friend’s house for the first time?
A. Take something. B. Get dressed up. C. Have dinner.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 9 至 11 题。
9. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Daughter and father. B. Husband and wife. C. Boyfriend and girlfriend.
10. Why will not Michael come here?
A. He has a fever.
B. He will go to see a film.
C. He is busy taking care of his mother.
11. Where will the man go after the dinner?
A. Go to see Michael.
B. Go for a walk with his wife.
C. Go to see a film with his wife.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 12 至 14 题。
12. How was the man’s trip?
A. Amazing. B. Bittersweet. C. Terrible.
13. How did the man get back to the hotel?
A. He asked someone to drive him back.
B. He rented a car to be back.
C. He returned by taxi.
14. What happened to the man on the trip?
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A. He had a car accident.
B. He got lost on the way.
C. The food caused his sickness.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 15 至 17 题。
15. Where did the trouble happen?
A. At a cafe. B. At a school. C. At a supermarket.
16. Why did the two boys decide to disturb people there?
A. They hadn't paid their bill last time.
B. They had been forbidden to eat there.
C. The food was terribly served there.
17. How did the principal find out who the troublemakers were?
A. The manager described them.
B. The manager told her their names.
C. The guests there described their looking.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. When will the final exam be held?
A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Thursday. C. During the last week.
19. What should the students review before the exam?
A. Mid-term exam and class notes.
B. Mid-term exam and the textbooks.
C. Class notes and the textbooks.
20. What can we learn about the final exam?
A. All the subject matters will be tested.
B. Students need to answer five questions.
C. It decides the majority of the course grade.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）
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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答
题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Home delivery meal kits have been one of the bits of the pandemic: they have enabled diners to
carry on getting a taste of restaurant-quality food, while helping restaurants to stay in business, and
even make you an excellent chef. Here are four of the best offering delivery in our region:
Berenjak （berenjakbazaar.com）
The kabab kits from this London-based Iranian restaurant-which range in price from 25 to
45-are a 'class act', says Jay Rayner in The Observer. My kit even included a pair of plastic gloves
for me to wear while dealing with the raw meat. This is the best kind of meal kit-the cooking is fun,
and the finished product is utterly delicious.
Gujarati Rasoi（gujaratirasoi.co.uk）
I love this vegetarian restaurant, says Marina O'Loughlin in The Sunday Times. And its meal
boxes are 'electrifyingly good' too. Family boxes for four cost 65, and I especially love the starter
（ 15. 50）. The dishes were complicated, yet quite easy to cook.
Lyle's（lylesprovisions.com）
This Michelin-starred London restaurant delivers its 'exquisitely delicious' menu boxes each
Friday, says Candy Clay in The Daily Telegraph. At 140 for two, they aren't cheap, and with
multiple courses, they do take a bit of work and concentration to cook.
Santo Remedio （santoremedio.co.uk）
Order a Remedy kit from Santo Remedio and what you will get is an incredibly generous,
sharing-style Mexican feast for two, says Anna Lawson on BBC's Good Food. The kits come
with a choice of slow-cooked meat, accompanied by all the ingredients to make your own pancake.
Preparation is simple, thanks to a color-coded instruction.
21. What can be found in all the introductions to home delivery meal kits?
A. Small gifts. B. Cooking instructions.
C. Nice discounts. D. Personal recommendation.
22. Which restaurant best suits vegans?
A. Berenjak. B. Gujarati Rasoi. C. Lyle's. D. Santo Remedio.
23. What can we know about Santo Remedio?
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A. It is recommended by BBC'S Good Food.
B. It provides delicious pancakes of the same ingredients.
C. It is a famous fast food restaurant in Britain.
D. It changes the traditional Mexican cooking styles.
B
Soon, you're going to have to move out! cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato
plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.
One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1. 25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose
bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.
Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren't for the pleasure they give, it wouldn't be
worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. Bushes
must be pruned （剪枝） in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears
a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little
tomato plant. A big mistake.
Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The
daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing （施肥） have turned the little plant into
a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long disappeared under the thick leaves.
Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold. First, I have to find the red ones among
the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and
under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. I found
two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I picked tomatoes in June. But they were weak and
the leaves already yellow for lack of light.
Here I am faced with a painful small decision: To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato
plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several
expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I'll think about that tomorrow.
24. What are the requirements for the healthy growth of rose?
A. Frequent pruning and fertilizing. B. A lot of care and the right soil.
C. Tomato plants grown alongside. D. Cages placed around the roots.
25. Why did the writer plant the tomato plant?
A. There was room for it in the garden. B. The soil was just right for it.
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C. It cost only $1. 25. D. The roses' branches needed to be covered.
26. What happened to the writer's roses this year?
A. They were removed from the rose bed.
B. They were largely hidden under the tomato plant.
C. They were mostly damaged by too much sunlight.
D. They were picked along with the tomatoes.
27. What is the writer's purpose by saying the prize so dearly won in Paragraph 5?
A. To express her liking for the roses.
B. To show the hardship of growing the roses.
C. To show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes.
D. To express her care for the tomatoes.
C
Although ethics （伦理学） classes are common around the world, scientists are unsure if their
lessons can actually change behavior; evidence either way is weak, relying on unnatural laboratory
tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports. But a new study published in Cognition found that, in at
least one real-world situation, a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.
The researchers investigated one class session's impact on eating meat. According to study co-
author Eric Schwitzgebel, a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside: students' attitudes
on the topic are variable and unstable, behavior is easily measurable, and ethics literature largely
agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and animal suffering. So,
half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-farmed
meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The
other half focused on charitable giving instead. Then, without the students' knowledge, the researchers
studied their meal-card purchases for that semester-nearly 14, 000 receipts for almost 500 students.
It's an awesome data set, says Nina Strohminger, a psychologist who teaches business ethics at the
University of Pennsylvania and was not involved in the study.
Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention （干预） would have no effect; he had previously
found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors, including
voting rates, blood donation and returning library books. But among student subjects who discussed
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meat ethics, meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent — and this effect held
steady for the study's duration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52
percent.
That's actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intervention. Schwitzgebel says.
Strohminger agrees: The thing that still blows my mind is that the only thing that's different between
these two cases is just that one day in class. She says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule
out some unknown confounding variable （混杂变量）. And if real, Strohminger notes, it might be
reversible （可逆的） by another push: Easy come, easy go.
Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence-classmates or teaching
assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism, showing it as achievable
or more common. Second, the video may have had an emotional impact. Least motivating, he thinks,
was rational argument, although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role. Now the
researchers are investigating the specific effects of teaching style, teaching assistants' eating habits
and students' video exposure. Meanwhile Schwitzgebel who had predicted no effect-will be eating
his words.
28. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?
A. Research reasons and process. B. Research subjects and findings.
C. Research topic and significance. D. Research data collection and analysis.
29. Which may lead to the researchers' investigation into meat-eating among students?
A. Students are ignorant of the topic.
B. Students' behaviors are easy to measure.
C. Students' attitudes are usually firm and steady.
D. Students are unaware of ethics lessons' impact.
30. What does the underlined phrase blows my mind in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A. Convinces me. B. Upsets me. C. Alarms me. D. Amazes me.
31. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To prove Schwitzgebel's prediction is wrong.
B. To show teaching works in behavior changing.
C. To explain students are easy to make a change.
D. To justify investigation into ethics is worthwhile.
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D
Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing
banned instructions for making drugs, or even building a bomb, suggesting that preventing such AI
jailbreaks is more difficult than it seems.
Many publicly available large language models （LLMs）, such as ChatGPT, have hard-coded
rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination, or answering questions
with illegal or problematic answers-things they have learned from humans via training data. But that
hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections, known
as jailbreaks, making AI models disobey the rules.
Now, Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks.
They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona （
角色）， which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse. This
process is called persona modulation.
Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models
comes from online conversations, and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different
inputs. By having the right conversation with a model, it is possible to make it adopt a particular
persona, causing it to act differently.
There is also an idea in AI circles, one yet to be proven, that creating lots of rules for an AI to
prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that
way. This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. If you're forcing
your model to be good persona, it somewhat understands what a bad persona is, says Tagade.
Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused,
but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. Like drugs, they also
have side effects that need to be controlled, she says.
32. What does the AI jailbreak refer to?
A. The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B. The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.
C. The capability of AI models improving themselves.
D. The process of AI models learning new information.
33. What can we know about the persona modulation?
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A. It can help AI models understand emotions.
B. It prevents AI learning via online conversations.
C. It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.
D. It forces AI models to follow only good personas.
34. What is Yinzhen Li's attitude towards LLMs?
A. Unclear. B. Cautious. C. Approving. D. Negative.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. LLMs: Illegal Learning Models B. LLMs: The Latest Advancement
C. AI Jailbreaks: A New Challenge D. AI Jailbreaks: A Perfect Approach
第二节（共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to think outside the box
Being open to dissenting （持异议的） opinions is not the only way to think outside the box.
36
A break in our everyday life may provide the force needed to shift the direction of our thinking.
So we can change environments. 37 for example, reorganizing our desk or taking a new route to
work. However, for others, bigger changes such as a new job or a marriage are required.
A famous concept is approaching routine situations as if we met or saw them for the first time.
In other words, we should look at them as if we'd never seen them. 38 For instance, when we
brush our teeth, take a moment to look at the toothbrush as if we never laid eyes on such an object
and noticed its color and shape. Think about the flavor of the toothpaste and notice how our mouth
feels as we move the brush back and forth.
39 The mere presence of a group of people with diverse experiences, views and backgrounds
in our everyday life creates an atmosphere in which people can better respond to change. Why?
Because they are key drivers of the development of new ideas and solutions.
Unlike negative emotions that cause specific reactions （for example, fear drives us to flee）,
positive emotions help us broaden our attention, explore our environment, and open ourselves to
absorbing information.
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40 They can be those that are going well or for which we are grateful. This shifting-into-
positivity process will automatically brighten our mood-and free our brain.
A. It's also helpful to seek for the difference.
B. For some people, small changes might work.
C. We should show respect for different cultures too.
D. Some small techniques could help broaden the way we think.
E. Take a few moments to think about the beautiful things in our life.
F. Positive emotions play an important part in unfreezing our thinking.
G. Beginners' mind allows us to remain open to experiences despite any knowledge we may
have.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）
第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
My most extreme case of envy happened at camp this summer with a girl named Megan. I 41
her on the first day of archery（射箭） 42 . Most of us in my group had completely missed our
43 except Megan. No matter the activity, Megan was the best. And by best, I 44 beyond the
best!
45 the people who get all boastful, Megan was modest and 46 . So I felt extra terrible the
way I did. Then, one day at lunch, Megan sat down just next to me. And then she told me an 47
riddle, I laughed heartily. And then we spent a lot of time telling 48 . Later I knew we both had
five-year old twin brothers. And it wasn't the only thing we had 49 ! The more we talked, the more
I realized how 50 it was that I'd been 51 energy feeling envious when I could have been
building a 52 .
Megan told me that she 53 she had my creativity in telling stories. That comment 54 me.
Hearing that I couldn't get over how good she was at everything, Megan 55 and suggested we
invent a machine that would let people 56 skills for a little while. It was a so 57 idea and we
spent the rest of lunch 58 the details of the invention.
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